Урок представляет собой 1 занятие из модуля интегрированных уроков на общую тему “World Main Religions”.
Учебное пособие: Афанасьева О.В., Михеева И.В. “English X”
Тип урока: интегрированный, комбинированный, с презентациями
Цели и задачи урока: активизация лексики по теме, ее отработка и закрепление, развитие навыков ведения монологической речи по теме; развитие навыков ведения диалогической речи, развитие навыков восприятия иностранной речи на слух; отработка навыков ведения презентации.
Материальное обеспечение урока: материал, найденный и подготовленный учащимися к данному уроку в виде презентаций; мультимедийные средства (компьютер, проектор).
Ход урока
Приветствие, речевая разминка, сообщение темы урока, отработка навыков построения монологической речи.
Учитель: (Слайд 1 - название урока “All Religions should be tolerated”)
All people believe in one thing or another. Our beliefs very much depend on our character, background and experience. Some people, who can’t explain the world from the scientific point of view, believe in the supernatural. Others will argue with them and say that they believe only in those things that can be proved. Quite a number of people might call themselves fatalists: they believe that all events in our lives are predetermined by fate and that’s why can’t be changed. Meanwhile, their opponents are sure that people themselves make their choices and decisions and are responsible for what happens around them. But a huge number of people all around the world profess some religion – Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Judaism or some other – and find in their religions the answers to the most urgent problems in their lives. So, my question is as follows. What is religion? How do you understand this phenomenon?
Ответы учащихся
Учитель: (Слайд 2 - цитата - religion is…)
Thank you. You are all right. Religion is a complex phenomenon. (читает цитату). Religion is likely to influence and to be influenced by everything that happens around us. One more question. Why do people all over the world profess some religion?
Ответы учащихся
Учитель: (Слайд 3 – map of world main religions)
Of course you are all right. As you see from the map today there are hundreds of different religious sects and groups in the world. However, the four main religions are Christianity, Islam, Judaism and Buddhism. “All Religions Must be Tolerated – Christianity and Islam” is the topic of our lesson. Today we are having a round table of representatives of the world first two main religions. Dear representatives, you have come here to learn each other better, to find common features in your religions. I know that each religious group has prepared a small presentation. During these presentations you may add each other or ask questions. So, we will start with a Christianity group.
Отработка навыков построения диалогической речи. Отработка навыков ведения презентации.
Христианин 1 (Слайд 4 - Christianity)
Christianity is the world’s biggest religion, with about 2.2 billion followers worldwide. Through its missionary activity Christianity has spread the most parts of the world. This religion was originated in Israel by Jesus of Nazareth (Jesus Christ) who lived in the Holy Land 2.000 years ago. Christianity is based on the teachings of Jesus Christ who came to earth to teach about love and fellowship.
Христианин 2 (Слайд 5 - Jesus Christ)
Christians believe that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. God sent him to earth to save humanity from the consequences of its sins. So, Jesus was born about 2000 years ago in Bethlehem. Jesus was fully human and experienced the world in the same way as other human beings of his time. Jesus lived for 33 years before being crucified by the Romans. He was tortured and gave his life on the cross. Jesus rose from the dead on the third day after his crucifixion. Christians believe that Jesus Christ was the Saviour and are now waiting for his second coming.
Христианин 3 Christians believe that there is only one God, but this one God consists of 3 “persons” – God the Father, God the Son, The Holy Spirit. Of course Christians believe that God made the world.
Христианин 4 (Cлайд 6 - Bible)
The Christian holy book is the Bible. It is divided into the Old and New Testaments. Parts of the writing contained in the Old Testament are also sacred to Jewish and Muslim people. There are different branches of Christianity – the Roman Catholic Church, the Church of England, Orthodox Church, Baptists, Methodists, Seventh-day Adventists.
Иудей 1
I want to add something. I know that Christianity originally developed as a part of Judaism because Jesus was a Jew. We share the same roots. The Old Testament and the Torah have the same content but there are some differences. You regard Jesus as a God in a human form. We can’t accept it. We don’t believe that one God consists of 3 persons. Moreover, Judaism is defined by a covenant made between God and the Jewish people. We believe that every Jew can have an individual and personal relationship with the God.
Христианин 1
Right you are.
Мусульманин 1
Where do Christians worship?
Христианин 4 (Слайды 7, 8, 9 - church, chapel, cathedral)
The Christian place of worship is called a Church, also a Chapel and a Cathedral. They are often built in the shape of a cross with the altar facing east towards the rising sun. Churches are usually beautifully decorated. Christian worship involves praising God in music, speech, readings from scripture.
Христианин 2 (Слайд 10 - holy places of Christianity)
There are many holy places for Christians but the main ones are Jerusalem, Betheleum, Rome, Nazareth, Canterbury and Lourdes.
Буддист 1 (Слайд 11 - Buddhism symbols)
In our religion several symbols like the wheel of life, the lotus flower and the images of Buddha are sacred for us. What about Christianity?
Христианин 1 (Слайд 12 - Christian symbols)
As concerning the Christian symbols the main one is the cross. It reminds Christians that Jesus died on the cross to save them. The dove is the symbol of the holy spirit and peace. The fish symbol was created using the Greek letters. In the Romans times it was dangerous for the Christians to meet. So, they devised a secret code. They drew half a fish in the sand. Of a person completed the fish, they knew he or she was a believer to. Under the fish sign the Christians wrote the Greek word fish - IXQ YS which means Jesus Christ God’s Son Saviour.
Иудей 2 (Слайд 13 - Jewish Holidays)
We have many religious festivals as Rosh Hashanah – our Jewish Christmas, Yom Kippur, Passover, Pentecost and Sukkot. What are your main religious festivals?
Христианин 3 (Слайд 14 - Christian holidays)
The major Christian festivals are Lent, Easter and Christmas.
Учитель: Thank you Christians. You know that Islam is the second most popular religion in the world with over a thousand million followers. It is more often thought of as a complete way of life rather than a religion.
Мусульманин 1 (Слайд 15 - Islam; слайд 16 - Koran; слайд 17 - Islam symbols)
Islam began in Saudi Arabia and was revealed to humanity by the Prophet Muhammad, a holy man who was born in A.D. 570 at Mecca, to whom God (Allah) told many things which are recorded in the Koran, the Holy Book of Islam, translated as “the word of God”. The symbol of Islam is the moon with the star.
Иудей 3 (Слайд 18 - Islam founder)
I know that Islam is based on the ministry of Muhammad and on the words that Allah gave to the world through Muhammad. According to your religion he was the last in a line of prophets including our Moses, Abraham and Jesus. Is it really so?
Мусульманин 1
Right you are, however the first prophet was Adam.
Буддист 2
I wonder what does the word “Islam” mean?
Мусульманин 2
The word “Islam” means submission and obedience, and derives from a word meaning ”peace”. Those who follow Islam are called Muslims. They believe that there is only one God Allah, who is the sole and sovereign ruler of the universe.
Буддист 3
Where do Muslims worship?
Мусульманин 3 (Слайд 19 - mosque)
The Muslim building for worship is called a mosque. Very often Mosques have a doomed roof and a tall tower called a minaret. Muslims are called to prayer from the minaret. There are no pictures or statues in a mosque. They are decorated with patterns and words from the Koran. There is also little furniture there as Muslims use prayer mats for praying. They pray five times a day and face the direction of Mecca while praying. Muslims take off their shoes before entering the mosque and wash themselves to be clean to meet the God.
Иудей 3
According to our religion men and women usually sit separately in the Synagogues. What about Muslims?
Мусульманин 2
Women do not pray in the same place as men, there is usually a screened off area for them in the mosque.
Иудей 1
I wonder what places are sacred for Muslims?
Мусульманин 1 (Слайд 20 - Islam holy places; слайд 21 - Kaaba)
The holy places for Muslims are Mecca, Medina and Jerusalem. If it is financially possible, Muslims are required to travel to Mecca at least once in their lifetime. Mecca is the birthplace of prophet Muhammad. There, in the centre of the mosque there is a cube-shaped building called Kaaba. Kaaba is the holliest place for all Muslims. During the Hajj ceremony a Muslim walks seven times around the Kaaba and then he or she kisses and touches the Black Stone.
Христианин 1
What are the different types of Muslims and the main Muslim Festivals?
Мусульманин 3 (Слайд 22 - Islam holidays).
Almost 90 % of Muslims are Sunnis. Shiites are the second large group. The Shiites spilt from the Sunnis in 632 when Muhammad died. The Muslim year is based on Lunar calendar. They celebrate Ramadan, Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid-ul-Adha, Dhu Al-Hijja and Al Hijra, the last is the Islamic New Year.
Заключительный этап (подведение итогов, объявление домашнего задания)
Учитель: Thank you muslims. Dear representatives, the time limits of our today’s round table don’t permit us to continue our meeting. We’ll proceed with our discussion next lesson. I thank all of you for your very hard and interesting work. In some weeks we’ll speak about Judaism and Buddism. For your homework I would like you to find as much material as you can on these two religions and prepare presentations like you’ve done today.