Цели:
- Познавательный аспект - знакомство учащихся с некоторыми фактами, касающимися системы медицинского обслуживания Великобритании, США и России.
- Воспитательный аспект - формирование потребности и способности к критическому мышлению, к пониманию чужих точек зрения на социальные проблемы, социальному выбору, достижению согласия и сотрудничества в условиях различных взглядов и убеждений.
- Развивающий аспект - развитие способности к распределению внимания, к структурной антиципации, к анализу и синтезу, к сравнению и сопоставлению речевых единиц, к формированию выводов из прочитанного, к планированию своего высказывания, способности к оценке фактов.
- Учебный аспект - формирование грамматических навыков чтения и говорения.
Речевой материал: GDP (gross domestic product), Medicare, Medicaid, a catastrophe, private insurance-based system, state-funded system, shortage of money, high cost/low cost (care), private sector, free of charge.
Оснащение урока: УМК-10-11 класс, В.Кузовлев, интерактивная доска.
Работа с учебником: №1 с 154.
Ход урока
Учитель: Here are some facts and opinions about the system of health care and medical insurance in Great Britain.
Which of these facts and opinions characterize the health care system positively and which negatively? Let’s begin with positive facts and opinions.
Ученик 1: In Britain, medical insurance is organized by the Government and is compulsory, while in some other countries it is not.
Ученик 2: Despite the shortage of money, the system of medical care works well.
Ученик 3: In British spend a small proportion of their wealth on health service, because of its simple administration.
Ученик 4: In spite of being poor, you can get good medical care in Britain.
Ученик 5: The exceptions to free medical care are teeth and eyes, though even this care is available to large numbers of people who do not have to pay.
Negative facts and opinions:
Ученик 1: I think it’s not good that country doesn’t spend a lot of money per person on health care, whereas in some other western countries health care system are much more expensive.
Ученик 2: Because of central organization of public health care there is little cooperation between public health care service and the private sector.
Учитель: Когда мы сравниваем факты события или действия, не противопоставляя их друг другу, мы используем союзы while /whereas (В то время как).
In Britain the NHS provides most health care, while in the USA there is no public health service.
Когда мы говорим, что что-либо происходит вопреки, несмотря на или из-за каких-либо других событий или действий, мы используем союзы и предлоги although (вопреки (хотя), despite/in spite of (несмотря на), because of (из-за).
Because of the crisis, health care reform should be carried out.
Упр. №2 с.155 : What happens in Britain’s health care service «despite» and «because of» some facts? What happens in Britain’s health care service «although» there are some other circumstances?
Ученик 1: Despite the fact that GPS are considered to be overworked, they examine their patients well.
Ученик 2: Although public health care is not very bad, private health treatment (BUPA) is better.
Ученик 3: In spite of a proper diagnosis Adrian’s Granny decided to complain to the Medical Council.
Учитель: Here is some people´s opinion about medical care service in the United States of America. Which of the following statements are facts and which are opinions? (Это упражнение носит трансформационный характер. Учащиеся определяют, какие из утверждений являются фактами, а какие чьим-либо мнением).
Ученик 1: I think in many ways it is a wonderful system, but in many other ways it is a catastrophe.
Ученик 2: They say that when the world´s rich want the best treatment money can buy, they usually go to the USA . Small wonder, most new medical techniques and technologies become available in America before anywhere else.
Ученик 3: It’s a fact that medical care is not free, but many hospitals provide some free or low-cost care for those who cannot pay.
Ученик 4: It’s a fact that the USA has no public health service, so most people have private health insurance.
Ученик 5: It’s true that America with its private insurance-based system spends 14% of GDP on health. Britain with its popular state-funded NHS spends only 7%
Учитель: How do all these facts and opinions characterize the US medical care service?
Учащимся предлагается соединить с помощью союзов и предлогов (while/whereas/although/despite/ in spite of/because of) отдельные предложения или предложения с союзом but, которые даются на интерактивной доске. В качестве опоры в правом верхнем углу доски дается таблица “Grammar in Focus”:Subordinate clauses with prepositions in spite of /despite, because of.
После предлогов in spite of/despite мы используем существительное, местоимение (what/that/this…); Ving форму или выражение the fact(that).
Despite the fact(that) the USA is one of the most developed countries in the world, it does not provide health care for all.
Despite being one of the most developed countries in the world, the USA does not provide health care for all.
После предлога becauseof мы используем существительное или местоимение.
Because of all these things some people think that the US medical care system is a catastrophe.
Ученик 1: In spite of the fact(that) the USA is one of the most industrialized countries in the world, it does not provide health care for all.
Ученик 2: Though medical care is not free, many hospitals provide some free or low-cost care for those who cannot pay.
Ученик 3: Most people have privateе health insurance because of absence of public health service.
Ученик 4: Despite its private insurance-based system America spends 14% of GDP on health while Britain with its popular state-funded NHS spends only 7%.
Ученик 5: While there are people who receive medical care though social programmes Medicare- for people over 65 and the disabled, there is Medicaid which is available to the poor.
Ученик 6: Self-employed private physicians receive a free each patient visit, while some medical doctors are on salary.
Учитель: Health care service in Russia has its own good and bad points. I’d like to give you some information about it. What can you say about the health care service in Russia from your own experience?
(Данное упражнение имеет репродуктивный характер и требует от учащихся большой самостоятельности, поэтому учитель дает некоторые факты о системе здравоохранения в России, а учащиеся называют факты и сравнивают их.)
- Russia has a public health care service .
- The work of public health care service is rather good.
- Medical insurance is compulsory in Russia.
- There is a private sector in medical care.
- On the whole medical care is free.
- Private health care cost is high.
- The quality of treatment is not bad in public health care system
- Most of physicians are on a salary
Ученик1: Although Russia has a public health care service, we have a private sector, too.
Ученик 2: In spite of the shortage of money the work of public health service is rather good
Ученик 3: Because of the central organization of health care system in our country there is little cooperation with the private sector.
Ученик 4: Because of the central organization of health care system medical insurance is compulsory.
Ученик 5: Although medical care is free on the whole there are some exceptions to it (some complex operations).
Ученик 6: Although private health care cost is high, the quality of treatment is not always good.
Ученик 7: Although public health is free of charge, the quality of treatment is not bad.
Ученик 8: While some physicians get a fee for each patient’s visit in private sector, other physicians are on a salary.
Учитель: This lesson we’ve come to know a lot about the medical system of Great Britain, the USA and Russia? I’d like you to complete this chart.
(Учитель предлагает учащимся в конце урока заполнить таблицу; обменяться со своими одноклассниками, чтобы учащиеся сами проверили, что они усвоили на уроке).
Countries |
Advantages |
Disadvantages |
Great Britain The USA Russia |
Health care is public (NHS) |
|