Материалы к уроку грамматики по теме "The Present Perfect tense" для студентов, изучающих английский язык в качестве дополнительной подготовки

Разделы: Иностранные языки

Цель урока: закрепление грамматического материала по теме «the Present Perfect tense».

Сопутствующая задача: скрытый контроль уровня развития грамматических навыков.

Методическая цель урока: создание условий для формирования коммуникативной компетенции студентов (лингвистического, социолингвистического и социокультурного компонентов) в процессе обучения грамматике.

Lesson plan

  1. Beginning of the lesson. - Warming up. (How are you? What’s the news?)
  2. Presentation of the theme (anticipating the tasks).
  3. Engagement. - revising the rules: formation, signals, schemes.
    а) Select the proper auxiliary and notional verb. Draw the schemes of an affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences on the blackboard.
    b) Choose and read out sentences in the Present Perfect tense. Explain your choice. (Ex. 1)
  4. Activate stage. - Scrambled sentences. (ex. 2)
  • Opening the brackets (Present Perfect). Guess the profession or hobby of the speaker. (ex. 3)
  • Matching the sentences (the result of the action). (ex. 4)
  • Questions on the pictures (the result of the actions). [1] 1.Kate’s room. 2. Lunch in the park. (ex.5)
  1. Language in use (sociolinguistic and sociocultural competence).
  • Choose the proper reply in the following situations. (ex. 6)
  • What would you say in the following situations? (ex. 7)
  • What are the unusual things your group-mates have done? (Have you ever …?) Making up a list of the most unusual ones. (ex. 8)
  • Making up mini-dialogues. Try to guess why your group-mate feels this way (happy\ nervous\ surprised, etc). (ex.9)
  • The end of the lesson. - home task. Get ready for a test (Present Perfect); - assessment.

Ход урока

  1. Начало урока. - Речевая зарядка (Приветствие. Как дела? Какие новости?)
  2. Презентация темы урока (целеполагание).
  3. Повторение теоретического материала: образование времени the Present Perfect tense, ассоциативные слова-опоры (наречия времени), схемы построения утвердительного, отрицательного, вопросительного предложений. (см. Конспект грамматического времени).
    А) выбрать карточки с необходимым вспомогательным и смысловым глаголами для образования формулы сказуемого.
    В) из списка предложений выбрать те, в которых используется данная видовременная форма. Объяснить свой выбор.
  1. Активизация грамматического материала в практических заданиях.
  • составить из разрозеннных слов предложения с правильным порядком слов;
  • раскрыть скобки, образуя the Present Perfect tense. Догадайтесь, кем по профессии или роду занятий является тот, о ком идет речь;
  • найти соответствующие предложения из двух колонок (действие и его результат);
  • описать картинки (результат действия): 1. Kate’s room. 2. Lunch in the park.
  1. Практическое применение грамматического времени в ситуациях общения. Формирование социолингвистической и социокультурной компетенции.
  • Выберите в ответ подходящую реплику из предложенных в данной ситуации.
  • Что бы вы сказали в подобной ситуации?
  • Что необычного случалось с вашими одногруппниками? Рейтинг самых необычных дел.
  • мини-диалог. Угадайте, почему ваш одногруппник испытывает определенные эмоции (счастлив, расстроен, грустен, нервничает и т.д.)
  1. конец урока. Подведение итогов, объяснение домашнего задания, комментарии оценок.

The Present Perfect tense

Exercise1. Choose and read out sentences in the Present Perfect tense. Explain your choice.

  1. He has a big family.
  2. They have translated two texts this morning.
  3. She has typed the letter. You may take it.
  4. As a rule, I have breakfast at 7 o’clock.
  5. – Where is he? – He has gone to the library.
  6. Have a nice day!
  7. What has happened to you?
  8. How often do you have English Grammar lessons?
  9. She has just arrived.
  10. The lesson is over. Have a break.
  11. I haven’t had breakfast this morning.
  12. Look, Jack! I hate to tell you this, but I have to.
  13. Have you spoken to her yet?
  14. I haven’t seen you for ages!
  15. I have to get up very early on week-days.
  16. Look! They have already built that house.
  17. Do you have any questions?
  18. Englishmen usually have four meals a day: breakfast, lunch, tea and dinner.
  19. She has a nice business suit on.
  20. He has never read books by this writer.

Exercise 2. SCRAMBLED SENTENCES. Make up sentences with the correct word order.

  1. has, for, years, England, he, lived, in, fifteen.
  2. read, they, all, books, have, since, these, year, last.
  3. well, exercise, you, have, this, done, very.
  4. John, a telegram, brother, has, his, sent, to, already.
  5. student, English, the, already, translated, into, Russian, text, has, this, from.
  6. for, Mary, seen, I, have, ages, not.
  7. not, come, yet, has, the mechanic.
  8. they, about, have, not, the accident, informed, me.
  9. you, in, Slavgorod, not, for, have, two, lived, months.
  10. to, she, been, never, has, New York.
  11. you, have, a holiday, this, had, year?
  12. a foreigner, spoken, you, have, to, ever?
  13. what, since, they, have, the morning, done?
  14. the, she, cooked, has, dinner, yet?
  15. how, letters, he, written, many, since, has, morning, the?

Exercise 3. Open the brackets (Present Perfect) and guess what profession or hobby these people have. Say “He \ she must be a … “.

  1. She (translate) the text, (make) up a dialogue and (write) three exercises.
  2. What a wonderful picture you (paint)!
  3. He (design) a new clothes collection. It is wonderful!
  4. I (buy) a packet of orange juice and a cake.
  5. She (sell) all the apples.
  6. He (make) a delicious soup.
  7. I (collect) a lot of stamps.
  8. The man (fix) the broken car.
  9. He (finish) a new story.
  10. Children, you (do) your home task?
  11. She (type) three documents and (post) some letters.

Exercise 4. Match the sentences (the result of the action)

  1. I have just had lunch.

 

 

 

A) He is not here.
  1. She has already left the house.

 

 

 

B) I am not hungry.
  1. Somebody has broken the window in our classroom.

 

 

 

C) It’s too cold in here.
  1. I have known her since our childhood.

 

 

 

D) He knows this country very well.
  1. We have left all the money at home.

 

 

 

E) She can not write now.
  1. Your mistakes have taught you nothing.

 

 

 

F) She must be on her way to college.
  1. She has cut her finger.

 

 

 

G) She is my best friend.
  1. He hasn’t come yet.

 

 

 

H) We can’t buy anything.
  1. David has been to the USA more than once.

 

 

 

I) It is open now.
  1. Some fool has left the door unlocked.

 

 

 

J) You are doing the same silly thing again.
  1. Grandmother has written a letter.

 

 

 

K) She is going to the post-office now.
  1. The boy has fallen ill.

 

 

 

L) His mother is very upset.

Exercise 5. Answer the questions on the pictures (the result of the action).

Exercise 6. LANGUAGE IN USE (choose the proper reply)

  1. - Look who has arrived! John, nice to see you. Let me introduce you to some friends. This is Jane and this is Robert.
    А) Thank you very much.
    B) Nice to meet you.
    C) It was really exciting.
  2. - You have read it yourself, haven’t you?
    A) Yes, I see your point.
    B) No, not yet. I plan to.
    C) This isn’t my fault.
  3. Oh, I have missed the bus!
    А) How nice of you!
    B) Thank you very much. What a nice present.
    C) Don’t be so upset. The next one will come in 10 minutes.
  4. Have you chosen anything, madam?
    А) Yes, I’d like to try on that red jacket.
    B) Yes, this is my sister.
    C) Yes, you are quite right.
  5. Have you done your home task, students?
    А) Yes, please.
    B) Yes, we are ready with it.
    C) No, thank you.
  6. She hasn’t found the job so far.
    А) My congratulations.
    B) She is my best friend.
    C) It is really difficult in our small town.
  7. He has never been to Italy.
    A) His name is Gordon Brown.
    B) Really? As for me, I went to Rome last summer.
    C) How happy he is!
  8. He is the most handsome man I have ever seen.
    A) May be. But my boy friend is more intelligent.
    B) Sure he is. He is at home.
    C) Our teacher is Mr. Seen.
  9. I have learnt this poem by heart.
    A) Enjoy your meals.
    B) Oh, very good. Could we listen to it?
    C) No problems.
  10. I have already had lunch.
    А) Let’s have lunch together.
    B) I am sorry to hear that. What are you going to do now?
    C) Have you? And I wanted to ask you to go to the restaurant together.
  11. I haven’t ridden a bicycle since my childhood.
    A) Don’t be afraid. You will remember how to do it.
    B) You are very old.
    C) That’s great!
  12. Have you ever read books by Tolstoy?
    A) What is his surname?
    B) I read “Anna Karenina” last year.
    C) Yes, I often read English books.

Exercise 7. What would you say in the following situations?

  1. It’s very cold. But you have only a light jacket on. (e.g. I haven’t bought a warm coat yet.)
  2. Your friend invites you to the cinema to see a good film. You refuse. Why?
  3. You try to get to your flat through the window. Why? (e.g. I have lost my key.)
  4. Your friend is having his birthday. You think he will like your present.
  5. Your soup is very salty. You are sorry.
  6. You are very happy to see your former (бывший) class mate.
  7. It is 11 o’clock. You are very hungry. Why?
  8. You know the grammar rule very well. Why?
  9. You don’t have your English book in your bag. Where is it?
  10. The teacher gives you a very good mark. Why?
  11. You are late for classes. Why?
  12. Your purse is empty. Why?
  13. You are very tired. Why?
  14. That girl is your best friend and you know her very well. Why?

Exercise 8. What are the most unusual things your group-mates have done?

  • Have you ever …?
  • Have you ever written a poem?
  • Have you ever broken a window?
  • Have you ever seen a ghost?
  • Have you ever been abroad?
  • Have you ever spoken to a foreigner?
  • Have you ever found any money?
  • Have you ever lost your key?
  • Have you ever heard an opera?
  • Have you ever swum in the sea?
  • Have you ever read novels by Dickens?
  • Have you ever conducted a lesson in German?
  • Have you ever eaten avocado?
  • Have you ever flown by plane?
  • Have you ever played the guitar?

Who has done the most unusual thing? Who has got the first place? The second? The third?

Exercise 9. Guess why one of your group-mates is surprised \ upset \ happy \ sad \ nervous.

Make up questions using the following verbs:

To buy, to go, to receive, to write, to fall ill, to fall in love, to hear, to lose, to break, to meet, to see, to take, to leave, to eat, to spoil.

If you are right, reply either “My congratulations!” or “I’m sorry to hear that”, “How awful!”,

“What a pity!” If you can’t guess you may ask “What’s happened to you?”

  • You are surprised. – e.g. Has your friend done all the exercises correctly?
  • You are upset. – e.g. Have you lost all the money?
  • You are happy. – e.g. Have you fallen in love?
  • You are sad. – e.g. Has your friend fallen ill?
  • You are nervous. – e.g. Have you heard some bad news?

Конспект грамматического времени THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

1. Мы используем форму Present Perfect, когда говорим о действиях, которые:

а) завершились до момента речи, но мы видим их результат сейчас (своим результатом действие связано с настоящим). He has cut his finger, he can not write.

б) завершились ранее, причем время свершения не указано, т.к. оно неизвестно или неважно. Where is the money? – I have lost it.

в) начались в прошлом и продолжаются по настоящий момент. I have known him since childhood.

2. Слова-«сигналы» (обстоятельства времени, подсказывающие использование данного грамматического времени): just – только что, already - уже, yet -еще, ever – когда-либо, never - никогда, recently - недавно, lately – за последнее время, before - прежде, so far - пока, today – сегодня this morning – сегодня утром, this evening – сегодня вечером (если этот период еще не закончился), since – с какого-то времени, for – в течение какого-то времени.

3. Схематическое изображение данного времени на временной прямой:

4. Образование сказуемого:

Вспомогательный глагол have и смысловой глагол в третьей форме: have \ has + V3

5. Схемы утвердительного, отрицательного и вопросительного предложений с примерами.

Он только что вышел из дома. –He has just left the house.

Пока она не нашла работу. – She hasn’t found the job so far.

Вы когда-либо бывали на юге? – Have you ever been to the South?

Что они сделали сегодня? – What have they done today?

Ex. 5 [ 1 ] Answer the questions on the pictures.

Picture 1. Kate is at school now. She left home an hour ago. Look at what is happening in her house and answer the questions.

  • Has she switched the iron off?
  • Has she closed the fridge?
  • Has she turned the water off? Is the water running?
  • Has she switched the light off?
  • Has she turned the gas off?
  • What has she done right?

Picture 2. Say who has broken which park rule.

LUNCH IN THE PARK.

You should not break branches, pick flowers, catch ducks, leave litter, swim in the lake, ride bikes in the park.

Литература: Клементьева Т.Б., Монк Б. Счастливый английский. Кн. 1: Учеб. для 5 - 6 кл. сред. шк.\ Т.Б.Клементьева, Б.Монк. – М.: Просвещение, 1992.- 416 с. ил.