В последнее время одним из ведущих принципов процесса воспитания и образования в средней школе становится принцип культуросообразности. Это означает, что образовательно-воспитательный процесс основывается на общечеловеческих ценностях, строится в соответствии с особенностями традиционной культуры нации. Поэтому предмет “Иностранный язык” занимает особое место. Он не только знакомит с культурой стран изучаемого языка, но и путем сравнения оттеняет особенности национальной культуры, приобщает к общечеловеческим ценностям. Иными словами, содействует воспитанию школьников в контексте диалога культур.
Изучение языка не всегда продвигается так, как мы этого хотим. На промежуточном уровне может возникнуть момент, когда требуется дополнительный импульс, стимул для изучения иностранного языка. Таким стимулом вполне может стать внеклассная работа.
Внеклассная работа, построенная с применением лингвострановедческого и страноведческого материалов, безусловно, повышает интерес учащихся к изучению иностранного языка путем развития внутренней мотивации при помощи переноса центра процесса обучения с учителя на ученика. Внеклассная деятельность может представлять собой своеобразный проект, где именно дети, а не учитель определяют его содержание и форму его проведения или презентации. Никто не утверждает, что это поможет решению всех проблем в обучении иностранному языку, но это эффективное средство от однообразия, скуки, оно способствует развитию творческого потенциала учащегося, осознанию себя как члена общества, расширению языковых знаний, а также представляет собой действенный источник мотивации.
Примером подобной внеклассной работы являются мероприятия, посвященные традиционным британским праздникам. Мне хотелось бы представить моим коллегам разработку внеклассного мероприятия, посвященного празднику Хеллоуин (Halloween).
Внеклассное мероприятие
“Welcome to Our Halloween Party”
Это мероприятие проводилось старшеклассниками для VII-VIII классов. Всем ребятам было предложено проявить своё творчество в создании костюмов.
До праздника учащиеся были озадачены поиском информации, они знакомились с его историей, традициями и обычаями. Для этого дети активно использовали материалы, находящиеся в кабинете иностранного языка и библиотеке, а также ресурсы Интернета. Получив информацию по теме, ребята с увлечением начали готовиться к мероприятию. Им было предложено продумать задания и конкурсы, которые были бы не только интересными, но и отражали специфику праздника. При подготовке учащиеся самостоятельно подготовили стенды, плакаты, декорации и костюмы.
Teacher: Dear boys and girls and our guests, I’m glad to see you. Today we are going to talk about “A Very Scary Holiday ”. I hope you all will enjoy our Halloween party. How much do you know about Halloween? Let’s do the quiz and find out.
Quiz
1. On what day is Halloween celebrated?
a) February 14 b) October 31 c) December 25
2. On this day the Druids celebrated …
a) New Year b) the first day of summer c) Halloween
3. The word “Halloween” comes from medieval England’s All Hallow’s …
a) year b) month c) Eve d) time
4. What colours are associated with Halloween?
a) blue and grey b) orange and black c) red and white
5. Children go from door to door and say “…!”
a) Trick or treat b) Treat or trick c) Trick or beat
6. People use … to carve a jack-o’-lanten.
a) pineapples b) watermelons c) pumpkins
7. This day belongs to …
a) The light half of the year
b) The dark half of the year
c) The time of no-time
Keys: 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-b, 5-a, 6-c, 7-c.
Teacher: Everyone loves Halloween, but are you interested to know what it really means?
Группа учащихся старшеклассников повествует историю праздника.
The Story of Halloween
2,000 years ago, the Celts lived in the area which is now Ireland, the United Kingdom and Northern France. They used to grow their own their own food and they considered harvest time to be the end of the year. Every year, they celebrated New Year’s Eve on October 31st with a festival called ‘Samhain’. The Celts dressed in animal heads and skins for this festival, and their priests, the Druids, built huge bonfires which the Celts gathered around to burn crops as sacrifices to their ancient gods. October 31st marked the end of summer and the beginning of winter and the Celts believed that on this night, the ghosts of the dead returned to Earth. The Celts thought that the ghosts helped the Druids to predict the future.
In about 43 AD, after the Romans conquered the Celts, two Roman festivals, Feralia (when the Romans remembered their dead) and Pomona Day (when the Romans honoured their goddess of fruit and gardens), were
combined with the Celtic Samhain festival. Later, in the 7th century, when Christianity reached the land of the Celts, the Pope made November 1st All Saint’s Day. This was a time for people to honour saints and martyrs. This celebration was also called All Hallows or Hallowmas. The night before it became known as All Hallows’ Eve, which later changed to Halloween.
Today, people celebrate Halloween with black cats and magic from Samhain, apples and harvest from Pomona Day and ghosts and skeletons from All Saint’s Day. It’s a thrilling mixture of fun and fear!
Все повествование проиллюстрировано на стенде.
Teacher: Now I wonder if you were attentive. Will you answer my questions?
- Did the Celts live in Iceland?
- Did they celebrate New Year’s Eve on November 1st?
- How did they call their festival?
- How did they celebrate it?
- What did the Druids on this night?
- What do you know about Feralia and Pomona Day?
- What changes did the Pope make in the 7th century?
- Do people celebrate Halloween now? How do they do it?
Teacher: Thank you. Now I see that you know the story of Halloween perfectly well. So, it’s the right time to play and have fun.
Далее следуют предварительно подготовленные задания, игры и конкурсы, по итогам которых награждаются самые активные участники. Призы получают и ребята, придумавшие самые интересные, оригинальные и эффектные костюмы.
Welcome to Our Halloween Party
The top ten things to do on Halloween
- Instead of candy, why not give hot chilli peppers to those little kids this year?
- When their mouths start to burn, invite them in for a glass of Tabasco sauce …
- Rather than cow tipping, go port-o-john tipping …
- Ice the neighbor’s stairs.
- Find or just make something like skeletons and put them in your yard.
- Charge for candy.
- Throw different unpleasant things at people walking by your house.
- I wonder how loud a person screams when you shoot him with a pellet gun.
- Put up a horror mask, of a vampire or a witch, for example.
- Dress up in your birthday suit.
Halloween Humor
- What a monster’s favorite bean? – A human bean.
- What do you call a witch who lives at the beach? – A sand-witch.
- Why didn’t the skeleton dance at the party? - He had nobody to dance with.
- Where does Count Dracula usually eat his lunch? – At the casketeria.
- What happens when a ghost gets lost in the fog? – He is mist.
- Why is a ghost such a messy eater? – Because he is always a goblin.
- What do you call a goblin who gets too close to a bonfire? – A toasty ghosty.
- What is a vampire’s favorite holiday? – Fangsgiving.
- What kind of make-up do ghosts wear? – Mas-scare-a.
- Who was the most famous ghost detective? – Sherlock Moans.
- What is the most ghosts’ favorite place on the web? – www.halloween.com.
- Who was the most famous witch detective? – Warlock Holmes.
- Who was the most famous skeleton detective? – Sherlock Bones.
- Who was the most famous French skeleton? – Napoleon bone-apart.
- Which building does Dracula visit in New York? – The Vampire State Building.
- Where do most werewolves live? – In Howllywood. California.
- Where do most goblins live? – In North and South Scarolina.
- What do you call a little monster’s parents? – Mummy and Deady.
Favorite Halloween Games
A Guide in the Dark
Turn off the lights and tell the group to pair off two by two. The older child puts on a blindfold, and the other gets a flashlight. Then, pick a destination for each pair, such as the piano, the computer chair, etc. The person with the flashlight has to guide her partner to that certain spot by telling the other one to go left, right, 10 steps etc. Let them all try, 1 pair at a time for practice. Then, let them pick the destination from slips of paper put into a hat. Now everybody goes at the same time! The first person to get her partner to their destination wins a prize.
Dangling Donuts of Doom
1.You need a tree with branches that stick out.
2. You need a couple of donuts (Plain to make it easy; powdered sugar to make it messy!)
3. You need two or more people to do this activity.
4.You need some string.
How to Play
You first take donuts (one for each player) and attach the strings. Then hang them (donuts) on the tree. The players clasp their hands behind their backs and have to keep them there. After that somebody says go. They start to eat the donut with just their mouths – no hands! (Be careful when you get to the hole or your donut will fall!) The person who eats the whole donut first wins!
A Gruesome Guessing Game
This funny activity is a game. Ahead of time, prepare the cups that are described below. You need a room dark so that people cannot see what’s inside of the cups. Each guest needs a paper and pencil. Now this is a guessing game. The cups will be passed around in the darkness so people can feel what’s there inside. You’ll recite a spooky story as the cups are passed. The guests write down what they think is really in the cups. (Either list the “body parts” on the paper or turn on the lights between each round so that people can write down their guesses.) Do not tell them what’s there in the cups!
How to Play
Have everyone sit in a circle. Pass out the paper and pencils and explain the rules of the guessing game. Then switch off the lights and start the story.
Once in this town
There lived a man named Brown.
It was years ago this very night
That he was murdered out of spite
They say these are his remains:
Here is his brain, which now feels no pain.
Pass around a cup with something a wet squishy tomato inside it.
Here are his eyes, still frozen with surprise.
Pass the second cup, which hold two frozen peeled grapes.
Here is his heart. Be careful lest it start.
Pass around a cup with a large lump of uncooked liver.
Now we have his hair, which once was so fair.
This cup contains a handful of corn silk or wet fur or yarn.
Feel these drops of his blood. The rest turned to mud.
A cup with a little ketchup thinned with warm water.
One hand all alone, just rotting flesh and bone.
A damp plastic glove filled with mud or ice.
Now touch his ear. He nevermore will hear.
Pass around a cup holding a dried apricot.
This is his nose. It will never smell a rose.
Use a soft piece of chicken bone.
These worms are all that’s left to feel. For them Brown was a lovely meal!
Pass around a cup filled with wet, cooked spaghetti noodles.
After the lights back on and everyone has finished writing down their guesses, collect the papers. As you check their guesses, you can show everyone what was really in the cups. Give a nice prize to the person who gave the most correct or original answers.
Safety Tip
Keep an eye out for cars, dogs and stuff lying on the sidewalk. Some jokers are known to put trip wires out in front of their houses. It’s great fun to scare you, but it’s no fun to land splat on the ground with a broken arm as a Halloween trophy.
Share Ghastly Stories
Get a pack of index cards and a pen. Write a phrase on each card that makes you Shiver or think of Halloween. Get minute timer. Then, pass around the deck of cards, face down. Each person picks up a card and begins to spin a story for one minute or 30 seconds. He or she has to keep talking. Then he hands the card to the next person, who picks one and turns the story another direction. Here are some ideas about what to put on the cards.
- The casket creaked …
- A ghost coughed …
- In the corner lay a body. It was …
- The candlelight flickered …
Halloween Scary Tale
Who is the best story-teller?
A young man and his wife were on a trip to visit his mother. Usually they arrived in time for supper. But they had gotten a late start, and now it was getting dark. So they decided to look for a place to stay overnight and go on in the morning.
Just off the road, they saw a small house in the woods. “Maybe they rent rooms,” the wife said. So they stopped to ask. An elderly man and woman came to the door. They didn’t rent rooms, they said. But they would be glad to have them stay overnight as their guests. They had plenty of rooms, and they would enjoy the company. The old woman made coffee and brought out some cakes, and the four of them talked for a while. Then the young couple was taken to their room. They again explained that they wanted to pay for this, but the old man said he would not accept any money.
The young couple got up early in the morning before their hosts had awakened. On the table near the front door, they left an envelope with some money in it for the room. Then they went on to the next town. They stopped in a restaurant and had breakfast. When they told the owner where they had stayed, he was shocked. “That can’t be,” he said. “That house burned to the ground, and the man and the woman who lived there died in the fire.”
The young couple could not believe it. So they went back to the house. Only now there was no house. All they found was a burned-out shell. They stood staring at the ruins trying to understand what had happened. Then the woman screamed. In the rubble was a badly burned table, like the one they had seen by the front door. On the table was the envelope they had left that morning.