Задачи:
- Активизировать учебно-познавательную деятельность студентов с учётом их индивидуальных способностей;
- Привлечь студентов к использованию современных образовательных ресурсов;
- Научить методам исследовательской деятельности, умению публичного выступления;
- Помочь обучающимся утвердиться в профессиональном выборе, быть активным на рынке труда;
- Обеспечить занятость студентов во внеучебное время.
“An architect”
(1 слайд): An architect is a person trained and licensed to plan, design, and oversee the construction of buildings.
(2 слайд): Humanity is obliged just to architects that we don’t live in the caves any more.
(3 слайд): Etymologically, architect derives from the Latin architectus, which derives from the Greek arkhitekton (arkhi-, chief + tekton, builder), i.e., chief builder.
(4 слайд): Throughout ancient and medieval history, most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans—such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder.
(5 слайд): Only some names of the ancient architects were reached till our time. The first well-known science architect was Imhotep, who built the Pyramid of Djoser in the third century BC.
(6 слайд): The Bible calls the names of the other builders: Vezaleel – the chief Builder of the Tabernacle (скинии)- and his assistant - Agoliav.
(7 слайд): Until modern times there was no clear distinction between architect and engineer.
The name" an architect"has been settled down In Europe about 400 years ago. Up to the XVI century this title was not given to artists,who managed the construction of buildings
(8 слайд): Before Peter the great the word "architect" was not used, and builders were called " zodchiy, carpenter, ward master,stone- craftsman and woodworker ".
(9-10 слайды): Italians: Pietro Antonio Solari, Petroc Small, Aleviz were named The first “architects” within four Russian corners of XV-XVI centuries. In 1487, Antonio Solari was invited to Russia by Ivan III to construct the walls and towers of the Moscow Kremlin.
(11 слайд): Engineering methods, technique and architectural forms, used by Solari, were reminiscent of the fortifications of Northern Italy
(12 слайд): It is suggested that various developments in technology and mathematics allowed the development of the professional 'gentleman' architect, separate from the hands-on craftsman.
Pencils were used more often for drawing by 1600. The availability of both allowed pre-construction drawings to be made by professionals.
(13 слайд): Until the 1700s buildings continued to be designed and set-out by craftsmen, with the exception of high status projects.
(14 слайд): In most developed countries, only qualified persons with appropriate licensure, certification, or registration may legally practice architecture
In the architectural profession, technical knowledge, management, and an understanding of business are as important as design.
Many architects and architectural firms focus on certain project types (for example, health care, retail, public housing, event management), technological expertise or project delivery methods.
Используемая литература:
1-Архитектурное проектирование общественных зданий и сооружений А.Л. Гельфонд. Учебное пособие. Москва. Издательство "Архитектура-С" 2006г.
2-Архитектурное проектирование жилых зданий. Под редакцией М.В. Лисициана и Е.С. Пронина. Учебное пособие. Москва. Издательство "Архитектура-С" 2006г.
3- Конструирование гражданских зданий. И.А. Шерешевский. Учебное пособие. Москва. Издательство "Архитектура-С" 2005г.
4-Дизайн архитектурной среды. А.В. Ефимов. Учебник для высших учебных заведений. Москва. Издательство "Архитектура-С" 2005г
5-Рисунок для архитекторов. Магали Дельгадо Янес, Эрнест Редондо Домингез. Учебное пособие. Москва. Издательство "АРТ-РОДНИК" 2005г.
6- Энциклопедия архитектурных стилей. Вильфрид Кох. Энциклопедия. Германия. Издательство "Бертельсманн Медиа Москау АО" 2005г.
7- Илюстрированный справочник. Архитектура: формы, конструкции детали. Энтони Уайт, Брюс Робертсон. Справочник. Москва. Издательство "АСТ Астрель" 2005г.
8- Е.П. Львова и др. ; Ред.-сост. Е.П. Кабкова ; Рец.: А.Ю. Бутов, И.Э. Кашекова: Мировая художественная культура. - СПб.: Питер, 2008
Интернет ресурсы:
http://www.e-architect.co.uk
http://www.archi.ru
http://www.forma.spb.ru
http://www.archiseek.com
http://www.eea-architects.com