Комментарии к уроку
Форма урока за «круглым столом» остается актуальной. Содержание таких уроков составляет разговор по теме или проблеме близкой, интересной для учащихся. Урок-беседа за «круглым столом» проводился на заключительном этапе работы по теме. При подготовке к уроку учитывались работоспособность класса, возрастные особенности и уровень подготовки учащихся по тем вопросам, которые предполагалось обсуждать в сотрудничестве с учителем, друг с другом.
Организационный момент урока предполагает приветствие учащихся учителем, сообщение темы предстоящего урока, четкую формулировку целей и задач.
Ход урока тщательно разработан. Беседа по теме включала подготовленные и неподготовленные сообщения учащихся, диалог расспрос, диалог-обмен мнениями о бессмертных подвигах советского солдата, подростков в годы войны. Вместе с защитниками нашей Родины учащиеся прошагали от Бреста до Берлина.
Отличительной чертой данного урока является использование презентации, что способствовало активизации познавательной деятельности учащихся. Ребята подобрали слайды, отображающие ход войны, которые позволили создать наглядные образы. Для четкого раскрытия логического построения урока творческая группа учащихся составила хронологическую таблицу. Ребята подобрали стихи (К.Симонова «Жди меня», Р.Гамзатова «Незабываемый день»), песни («Темная ночь», «День Победы»), дополнительный материал для выступления.
Задачи урока
Обучающие:
- Развитие монологического и диалогического высказывания по теме.
- Формирование умения поддерживать беседу, выражать свое мнение.
Развивающие:
- Развитие умения работать с дополнительной литературой, реализовывать межпредметные связи: история и иностранный язык.
Воспитательные:
- Воспитание у школьников чувства патриотизма и гордости за героизм и самоотверженность народа во имя спасения Родины, уважения к советским солдатам, юным патриотам Отечества.
Тип урока: Урок обобщения знаний событий, хода войны средствами английского языка в форме обсуждения за «круглым столом».
Форма урока: «круглый стол».
Ход урока
I. Начальный этап урока
Good-morning to everybody. Nice to see you and our guests. The topic of our lesson is «Unforgettable Years».
We are going to have a table talk.
II. Чтение учащимися стихотворения «Незабываемый день» Р. Гамзатова
P1:
Tell me, comrade
Was it in 41st
That you crossed the river
And rescued our gun?
In 41st
That cold November
Perhaps it was
But don’t remember
P2:
Tell me, comrade
When did you get
That wound whose scar
You carry yet
I’d be glad to say
But I can’t recall
Too many wounds
To remember them all
“Unforgettable Years”
P3:
Tell me, comrade
What about that May
When we celebrated Victory Day
Oh, I can easily
Tell you that
I have the day and the hour off pat
P4: Victory Day is one of the most important holidays in our country. It is also a great holiday for all the countries, who fought in the second World War was against fascism.
(Муз. «Священная война»)
Teacher: Every day brings us nearer and nearer to the historic date of the anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War May 9! But now I want you to tell how it was.
P5: It was 4 o’clock. Early morning on June 22nd, 1941,
190 divisions of fascist Germany,
about 4,300 tanks;
47,260 guns and mortars;
55 million officers and men invaded the USSR without a declaration of war. During the very first hours of attack over 1 million German bombers started bombing Soviet cities and towns. In the first months of the war the Nazis had more tanks and aircraft than the Red Army.
P6: On the very first day of the war ten of thousands of men lined up at the recruiting centers. Young and aged people demanded to be sent to the front.
At the factories the places of those who had gone to the front were taken by women, teenagers, old people.
“Everything for the Front, everything for Victory” – that was the appeal of the Communist Party.
The workers set up new workshops and factories in the steppes, out of doors, in pouring rain and biting frost. Every day more and more aircraft, tanks, guns, mortars and other arms went to the front.
P7: I know that this date is the beginning of the battle of Moscow.
The Hitlerites brought into action more than 100 000 men. 1 700 tanks and 950 aircraft against the Soviet capital. Hundreds of Nazi planes were sent to bomb Moscow every night.
Over 500 000 people worked on building fortifications around the capital.
Over 40 partisan detachments operated in Moscow Region.
“Russia is large, but we cannot retreat, behind us is Moscow”
When the Nazis were approaching Moscow, Zoya Kosmodemjanskaya, Liza Chaikina, Alexander Checalin joined a partisan detachment and gave their lives for their country. They stubbornly defended every inch of the Moscow land.
P8: I want to add and tell about the heroes.
28 Soviet soldiers of General Panfilov’s division accepted battle. They decided to defend their positions to the death. Most of the heroes died, but the Nazis had been heed up.
It was the main battle. Our soldiers were sure that the fascist army could not take Moscow. In early December 1941 General Zhukov’s troops attacked the Nazis and beat them back. The victory at Moscow inspired millions of people with new courage.
P9: From the first weeks of the war the Germans tried to capture Leningrad. They surrounded Leningrad. They had bombed out schools, hospitals, building and houses, food stuff stories. The siege of Leningrad lasted 900 days.
For 900 days wounded Leningrad held out heroically defying the superior forces of the enemy. More than 600 000 people, children died during the blockade. It was difficult to get bread.
This date tells about the Stalingrad Battle.
P 10: The Stalingrad Battle began on July 17. It was the greatest battle.
The people defended every street, every building. Battles were wages for every block of houses, for every street.
I have founded some important words which were written in letters of the defenders of Stalingrad.
“We have decided to defend Stalingrad with our lives. Fighting for Stalingrad, we are fighting not only for this one city. At Stalingrad we are defending our Motherland and everything dear to us, everything that makes life worth living. Here at Stalingrad the question is being decided whether the Soviet people will remain free or not…We shall defend Stalingrad to the last drop of our blood, to the last beat of our hearts and that we shall not let the enemy reach the Volga...”
A small groups of soldiers commanded by Sergeant Pavlov defended the ruins of a four – storeyed house on one of the city squares for 2 months. Soldiers stood side by side in the defence of Stalingrad.
On February 2, 1943 the Stalingrad Battle ended in a brilliant victory for the Soviet troops.
Ninety-one thousand soldiers, officers headed by Field Marshal Paulus were taken prisoner.
P 11: let me tell about the Danko of Stalingrad – Mikhail Panikakha. Danko is a legendary hero, but M. Panikakha is the hero of the Great Patriotic War. He lived in Stalingrad. At the end of September, 1942, very heavy fighting began in the northern part of the city. This was the factory region where the “Red October”, the “Barricades” and the famous Stalingrad, tractor plant were situated. The people of Stalingrad were proud of their factories. M. Panikakha, a sailor and member of the Komsomol, was in the trenches here, fighting together with his battalion. The Germans had sent tanks against the battalion, which had only hand-grenades to use against the tanks. M. Panikakha wanted to destroy the tanks with hand-grenades. The moment came and Panikakha had thrown his last grenade. Suddenly one of tanks came straight at Mikhail. He sat in the trench with a bottle in his hand waiting for a tank. When the tank was near the sailor stood up straight in the trench ready to throw the bottle. At the moment a bullet hit the glass of the bottle and in seconds the sailor was a living torch. He jumped out of the trench and ran to the fascist tank. After the War the soldiers had returned to their homes, but people will never forget M. Panikakha’s feat, the Danko of Stalingrad.
P 12: As for me, I want to tell about the feat of the partisans of the Kuban, young partisans Jenya and Pavlik. They were brothers and lived in Novo-Alexandrovskaya. Together with partisans they took part in fighting against fashists. They went to the railway station to watch the trains, German tanks, Lorries.
It was night. The boys waited tanks in the bushes. When the tank appeared Jenya threw a grenade and hit it. The tank stopped and began to burn. The battle began. Jenya threw an anti-tank grenade. But in a moment machine-gun turned in Jenya’s direction. That was the last moment of his life.
P 13: In winter of 1942-1943 were battle in the North Caucasus and Don. Pressing home the attack of the Soviet troops moved to the North Caucasus, Kursk forward to the West.
Day and night trains were carrying tanks, guns to the front. Soviet troops were advancing on all sectors of the front. The Soviet troops took up positions on the Oder for an assault on Berlin.
In autumn of 1944 Estonia, Lithuania and a large part of Latvia were freed.
P 14: On April 16, 1945 the Soviet Army began the Berlin Operation. The Soviet troops surrounded Berlin on April 25. The Soviet troops took one city block after another. On the night of April 30 at 2 o’clock two Soviet soldiers set up the red Banner of Victory on the top of the Reichstag building. On May 2nd Berlin capitulated.
P 15: In the war against the fascists Soviet children had their own accounts to settle with the enemy. Fascists killed their fathers and mothers and brothers, sisters ruined their houses and schools, homes.
From the very first hour of the war 9-12-15 old children were ready to fight the fascists. They wanted to go to the front. And little children ran from their homes to the front. The brave little boys and girls built barricades, dug trenches, brought important information to the Soviet troops. Hundreds of them gave their lives for their Motherland.
P 16: Lyonya Golikov lived in a village that stood near the bank of the river Polo. His father was a raftsmen and his mother worked on the farm. Lyonya had two sisters.
It was in August 1942. A group of scouts and Lyonya were lying in ambush and expecting to come German troops. They spent the whole night but nothing happened. But suddenly Lyonya noticed a car in the distance. He dashed back and hid near the bridge behind a pile of stones. When the car came closer to the bridge and slowed down to cross it, he threw a grenade at it. There was an explosion and Lyonya saw a German jumped out of the car with a red bag and a submachine-gun. Lyonya fired but missed; he run after him. The German stopped and fired a short burst from his submachine-gun. The boy fell, took off his heavy boots and started running barefoot. Lyonya fired and the German was dead. He took the German’s gun and the red bag and brought those things to the camp. There were the important documents, very important information which was sent off to Moscow.
So the Pioneer Lyonya Golikov became Hero of the Soviet Union.
P 17: And I want to tell about Zina Portnova. Zina and her parents lived in Obol. Her father worked at a big plant and her mother had a job in an office. Zina was a schoolgirl. During the war Zina became a scout. She was very observant and brought a lot of useful information. But once she was sent to get in touch with those members of the YUnd organization who remained alive. On her way she was stopped by the disertir and taken to the Obol Gestapo for questioning. The girl was taken to prison and savagely beaten. The Nazis wanted to find out all about the partisans, their hiding-place and so on, but they couldn’t make her talk. Zina was taken to a special room for interrogation; the captain struck her on the chest and the blow threw her backwards. She hit her head against the wall. Suddenly the German heard a car outside, he came to the window. Zina took the revolver and fired at him, then another officer. She dashed out of the room and ran. The German soldiers ran after her. They got her on the very bank of the river. She was shot near a small pine-tree on a cold January morning in 1944.
P 18: I must say, that young and old people, people of all nationalities, writers and teachers, collective farmers and poets supported our soldiers.
For example K. Simonov and his famous poem “Wait for Me” (учащиеся читают отрывок наизусть):
Wait for me and I’ll return
Dear one, only wait
When the leaves of autumn burn
Round our garden gate.
Wait when winter winds blow free
Wait through summer’s sun
Other may forgotten be
Ere the fight is won.
But when days that and less creep
Bring no word from me
Still your lonely vigil keep
Dear one, wait for me.
(Песня «Темная ночь»)
- What does Victory mean for? (Учащиеся высказывают свое мнение.)
The 9th of May 1945 is in the people’s memory and hearts. Time will not take that historical day away from us.
The 9th of May is the great day. It is the wonderful holiday. It is the national holiday and at the same time a very personal.
I believe that we are excited on V-day, especially when we meet war veterans.
The name of war heroes will live in our memory forever.
(Песня «День Победы»)
Day of Victory (words by V. Kharitonov, music by D. Tukhmanov)
1. Day of Victory! Oh, how far away it seemed!
Like a dying ember, hope once hardly gleamed.
Scorched and choking, dusty, wearly miles, were those!
We all did our best to bring our Victory close.Refrain:
Oh, that Day of Victory!
Cordite in the air
Day so youthful,
Silver threads in golden hair
Day of beauty
Tears of joy gleamed everywhere
Day of Victory!
Day of Victory!
Day of Victory!2. Night and day your molten steel would light the skies,
You, our land, our Mother, never closed your eyes.
Nights and days of struggle, bitter days were those!
We all did our best to bring our Victory close.Refrain.
3. Mother, darling, though not all returned to you,
Let us run barefooted, racing through the dew!
Half the roods of Europe, every soldier knows –
We all did our best to bring our Victory close.Refrain.
(Минута молчания.)
