Цели урока:
- Познавательный аспект: познакомить с основами парламентского государства, с конституционной монархией.
- Развивающий аспект: развить умение понимать схемы, развитие догадки по аналогам с родным языком.
- Воспитательный аспект: осознание понятия “демократия”.
Учебный аспект: формирование лексических навыков чтения.
Языковой материал: К.И. Кауфман, М. Ю. Кауфман “Happy English. ru” 8 класс.
Оснащение урока: компьютер, мультимедийный проектор, схема государственного устройства Британии, презентация “The British monarchy and a parliamentary democracy”, бланк теста, кроссворд.
Тип урока: урок-обучение новой лексике и развитию умений и навыков чтения.
Ход урока
1. Организационный момент.
Сегодня у нас необычный урок. Мы будем говорить с вами о политическом устройстве Соединенного Королевства Великобритании и Северной Ирландии.
2. Фонетическая зарядка.
Происходит презентации новых лексических единиц и дальнейшее автоматизация уже знакомой лексики по данной теме, которую учащиеся уже встречали раньше в рецептивном плане. Учащиеся догадываются о значении интернациональных слов.
a) Listen and read.
b) Which words do you understand? Find the Russian equivalents.
3. Речевая зарядка.
Учащиеся отвечают на вопросы, используя известную им информацию или основываясь на собственных знаниях.
a) Answer the questions.
- Who is the head of state in the UK?
- Who is the head of the government in the UK?
- What is the British Parliament called?
- How many Houses does it consist of?
- Which House represents the people of Britain?
- How often do British people vote for MPs?
- What are the members of the House of Commons called?
b) What do you think 'democracy' means?
- People do what they want.
- People rule (управляют) the country.
- People do what they want within the framework (в рамках) of law (закон).
- People elect (избирают) their representatives (представители) to rule the country.
- People elect the head of state (глава государства) directly.
- People say what they think.
- People can live in any place they choose.
- The head of state guarantees (гарантирует) the rights (права) of citizens (граждане).
- All people and authorities (органы власти) follow the constitution.
4. Работа по схеме.
Чтобы проверить правильность ответов на вопросы, учащиеся подробно рассматривают схему, выделив сначала ее основные составляющие: The Monarch, the Government and Parliament. Затем выделяют то, что является частью правительства и парламента и их основные функции. (На экран проецируется схема в двух вариантах. Во втором случае с отображением взаимосвязи отдельных ветвей власти). Приложение 1.
THE MONARCH
Is the official head of state and an integral part of Parliament in her constitutional role; has mostly representative functions; gives the royal assent to the bills passed by the House of Commons (общин) and the House of Lords; is the head of the Commonwealth of Nations
THE GOVERNMENT
the Prime Minister
is the head of government; is the leader of the party with the majority seats (места) in the House of Commons
the Cabinet
about 20 ministers; determines government policies and coordinates government departments
Non-Cabinet Ministers
PARLIAMENT
the House of Commons
(about 650 elected MPs - members of Parliament) makes laws; discusses political problems
the Official Opposition
the largest opposition party; forms the Shadow Cabinet (“теневой” кабинет)
the House of Lords
(over 1,100 permanent, non-elected members; peers (пэры, лорды) and life peers) examines and revises bills from the House of Commons; can delay bills for one year
THE PEOPLE
(all men and women over 18)
5. Закрепление материала.
Проверяется понимание схемы. Учащиеся соотносят информацию из упражнения с той, которая дается в схеме и таким образом определяют правильный ответ (работают в тетрадях).
What functions do the representatives of power perform (выполняют)? Use the scheme to find the correct statement. (understanding a scheme)
1.
A. The Queen votes on the bills.
B. The Queen signs the bills.
2.
A. The Queen has mostly representative functions.
B. The Queen rules the country in fact.
3.
A. The government represents the legislative branch of power.
B. The government represents the executive branch of power.
4.
A. The Cabinet is responsible for government policies.
B. The Cabinet Ministers revise bills from Parliament.
5.
A. Parliament represents the legislative branch of power.
B. Parliament represents the executive branch of power.
6.
A. The House of Commons controls the government.
B. The government controls the House of Commons.
7.
A. The House of Lords has the power to delay bills for one year.
B. The House of Lords opposes the decisions of the House of Commons.
8.
A. The Cabinet coordinates the work of the government departments.
B. The Cabinet makes laws.
6. Презентация.
По закону правящий монарх является (третьей) частью парламента в своей конституционной роли, ибо без королевской санкции законопроект не становиться законом. В данной схеме, как это принято в Британии, монарх вынесен во главу схемы в силу того, что является официальной главой государства, но его функции чисто церемониальные. Королева Елизавета II – официальная глава государства. Обратимся к презентации.
(Запуск компьютерной презентации) Приложение 2.
7. Работа с текстом.
The Houses of Parliament
Welcome to the Palace of Westminster. It consists of three parts: the Royal Apartments where the colour is gold, the House of Lords where the seats are red and the House of Commons where the seats are green.
We are now in the Chamber of the House of Lords. Please be quiet and don't sit on these red benches.
The Chamber of the House of Lords is also called the Parliament Chamber, because every year when the Queen comes to open Parliament, all three parts of Parliament come together here for the Queen's Speech. In fact, it's not really the Queen's Speech, because she doesn't write it. The Government writes it for her. In the speech the Queen tells Parliament about the Government's plans for the next year. When she gives her speech, she sits on the throne over there. Can you all see it? Yes, it's that big chair behind the big red cushion.
Oh, and that cushion is, actually, the famous Woolsack. And yes, there is wool inside it. It's a part of a very old tradition which started in the 14th century. It was put in Parliament to symbolise the importance of wool to the British economy at that time.
The person who usually sits on the Woolsack is the Lord Chancellor. He presides over the House of Lords.
Now we are going through into the House of Commons, where MPs make decisions on new laws. Let's walk through this beautiful arch. There are two statues, one on each side of the arch. Both of these two men were Prime Ministers. One is David Lloyd George, and the other - Sir Winston Churchill. They represent the two main British political parties - the Labour Party and the Conservative Party. We have a tradition: if you're a Conservative, touch Churchill's shoe, and if you're Labour, touch Lloyd George's shoe. Have you touched a shoe? Now let's turn right.
Do you see two long narrow corridors on your left and on your right? These are very important for the whole country because MPs come here to vote on bills for new laws. On the left there is the "aye", or yes, lobby. MPs who agree with a bill go there. On the right there is the "no" lobby for MPs who want to vote against the bill. Then the officials count the "ayes" and the "noes" to get the results. So in the British Parliament MPs don't vote by pushing a button; they vote with their feet.
Let's go through the "no" lobby and into the House of Commons, where you'll see that the benches are green. The chamber here isn't very big. In fact, there are only places for 437 people on the benches, but there are 650 MPs, so sometimes they have to sit on the steps when the House is full. Now we're standing behind the Speaker's chair. The Speaker is the person who presides over the House of Commons.
Now look at the floor. Can you see two red lines in front of the benches on each side of the chamber? That's part of a tradition too. The distance between these two lines is two swords' lengths. In the old days when MPs used to carry swords, it was dangerous if they got angry with each other. So these two lines are here to remind MPs that they shouldn't start a fight, and they can't go over this line when they are speaking in a debate.
Today there's nobody here, so you won't see the Mace, which is put on this table when the House of Commons is sitting. The Mace is the symbol of the power which Parliament won from the King a long time ago, and MPs have a lot of respect for it. It even has its own guard, who has a very big sword.
Now let's leave the House of Commons and go to Westminster Hall. This is the oldest part of the Palace of Westminster, and it's more than a thousand years old. The son of William the Conqueror... Do you remember the Norman leader who won the Battle of Hastings? Well, it was his son who started the building of the hall. This building has seen a lot of famous events. In 1605 Guy Fawkes tried to blow up the Houses of Parliament, and in World War II bombs fell on it.
8. Выполнение теста.
Перед тем, как мы подведем итог нашей работы, проведем небольшой тест. (Он распечатан и находиться на столах учащихся). Приложение 3. На эту работу вам дается три минуты.
1. How many parts does the Palace of Westminster consist of?
a) one
b) two
c) three
2. What are the main colours of the Houses of Parliament?
a) gold, red and blue
b) gold, green and red
c) red and green
3. Who writes the Queen's Speech?
a) the Queen
b) the Government
c) the Lord Chancellor
4. Which are Britain's two main political parties?
a) Democratic, Republican and Conservative
b) Conservative and Democratic
c) Labour and Conservative
5. Whose shoe should a Conservative touch?
a) David Lloyd George's
b) Winston Churchill's
c) The Queen's
6. Why do MPs sometimes sit on the steps?
a) There are more MPs than seats in the House of Commons,
b) It's a part of an old tradition,
c) It's a punishment for those who are late.
7. When can you see the Mace in the House of Commons?
a) It's always there,
b) Only when the Queen comes,
c) When the House is debating.
8. How old is Westminster Hall?
a) more than a thousand years old
b) more than a hundred years old
c) more than four hundred years old
9. Домашнее задание.
Перед вами распечатанный бланк кроссворда. Внимательно проанализируйте все, что сегодня было сделано на уроке и решите кроссворд. Приложение 4.
Составьте викторину из семи–десяти вопросов по данной теме.
Fill in the crossword puzzle and read the name of the river where the Palace of Westminster stands
- What do MPs do with their feet?
- What is the surname of one of the most famous British Prime Ministers ("the Iron Lady")?
- What does the Lord Chancellor sit on?
- What are the members of the House of Commons called?
- Who opens the Parliament?
- Who presides over the House of Commons?
10. Подведение итогов урока.
Выставление оценок. Учащиеся сдают бланки с тестами.
Урок основан на материалах учебников:
- В.П. Кузовлев, “English 10-11”, Издательство “Просвещение”, 1999.
- К.И. Кауфман, М.Ю. Кауфман, “Happy English.ru”, Издательство “Титул”, 2006.