Общедидактическая цель: создать условия для осознания и осмысления блока новой учебной информации. ее применения в новой учебной ситуации.
Технология: критическое мышление (ключевые слова. синквейн. шляпы мышления. кластер. тонкие и толстые вопросы. ИНСЕРТ).
ЗАДАЧИ
Образовательные:
- способствовать развитию практического владения языком. умению вести беседу;
- создавать условия для формирования лексических навыков говорения для подготовки учащихся к ЕГЭ;
- расширить кругозор по теме;
- реализовать межпредметные связи (география. история Санкт-Петербурга).
Познавательные:
- развитие лингво-культурной компетенции;
- активизация лексики и лексико-грамматических конструкций по теме.
Воспитательные:
- создавать условия для формирования способности к критическому мышлению;
- воспитывать умение внимательно слушать и слышать. уважать другое мнение;
- формировать потребности и способности к сотрудничеству и взаимопомощи при работе в группе.
Развивающие:
- создавать условия для развития исследовательских умений учащихся. способности к распределению внимания;
- развитие способности к переключению уровней мышления (The Six Thinking Hats).
Оборудование урока: мультимедийная презентация урока. аудиозапись песни “One –way ticket” звучит в начале и в конце урока в исполнении группы “Boney M”; карточки с заданиями; шляпы (белая. черная. желтая. зеленая).
ХОД УРОКА
Epigraph
When there is a will. there is a way.
Proverb
I. Стадия вызова (Evocation)
1. Teacher. Good morning. students. I hope you are fine today.
I think we can start. so let’s get down to work.
Let me tell you a few words about the aims of our lesson.
Today we are going to talk about tourism and tourist problems. It will be the subject of today’s discussion.
We should revise the material on the topic and discuss all the advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of travelling.
After that we’ll make a list of the pros and cons for tourists visiting Saint- Petersburg. Six thinking hats method will help us to look at the problem from different points of view.
2. A lot of people all over the world are fond of travelling. They travel to see other countries. to enjoy picturesque places. to discover different ways of life or just for a change of scene. People travel on business and for pleasure having at their disposal various means of transport. So it is impossible to imagine our life without traveling. People can express their emotions in different ways. Some of them draw pictures of their favourite places. others write poems. I have found a very nice poem for you. Let’s read it with a bit of feeling and think of your own emotions and associations.
What is travelling for?
What is travelling for me?
It is the shining sun. the sea;
The golden sand which look like beads;
The blue-eyed sky and tender breeze.
What do I see when close my eyes?
A milk-white ship with two red strips;
The limpid clouds at the dawn
And sun. that rises all alone…
And when the twilight falls from height.
The night appears from heaven’s gate.
I see the moon in magic light.
And stars. that sparkle at the night.
That’s what I’m looking for in dreams.
And they are my inspiring beams!
I want to see it. to behold
And travel all over the world!
3. Teacher.
The poem makes really great impression. It is very beautiful and full of emotions. I think you agree with me.
Fist of all I want to make sure you don’t forget the words on the topic “Travelling”
Look at the word box on your desks and put the words under the following headings (key words)
1) types of holiday;
2) places where people stay on holiday;
3) places people visit on holiday;
4) things people do on holiday;
5) problems people can have on holiday.
| Camping. resort. museum. queues. bed and breakfast. to relax. crowds. delays. sunbathing. caravan. sightseeing. beach. tent. cruise. lost luggage. youth hostel. excursion. sunburn. tent. safari. gallery. food poisoning. wind- surfing. round- the word trip. cancellation scuba-diving. bungalow. |
4.
Now it’s time to sum up. What do you think about travelling? What association do you have?
Let’s make up cinquains about travelling. Do you remember what is it? It is a kind of poem consisting of 5 lines (a general word. two adjectives on the topic. three verbs. the main idea of your “poem” (it must consist of 3-4 words) and a synonym of the general word. Make up as many cinquains as you can. All your cinquains will be different. Read them aloud when you are ready.
Examples.
Pupils’ cinquains.
Travelling exciting. comfortable
to enjoy. to relax. to visit
A change of scene.
journey
Travelling fascinating. interesting to swim. to sunbathe. to walk
The best way to relax.
holidays
Travelling enjoyable. convenient
to impress. to explore. to admire
Travel broadens your mind.
voyage
Travelling picturesque. romantic
to dance. to bathe. to enjoy
The way to escape from everyday life.
trip
II. Стадия осмысления (Realization of meaning)
5. Teacher. Everybody knows that different kinds of travelling have their own positive and negative aspects.
You are divided into 2 teams. The first team will put on a black hat. It means that you should think of disadvantages.
The second team will put on a yellow hat. You’ll try to find out only advantages.
Possible answers
| advantages
|
disadvantages
|
by plane |
|
| 1) Air travel is quicker than other means of transport. | 1) The trip to the airport took almost as long as the flight. |
| 2) People enjoy travelling by air because of the meal and the entertainment on board. | 2) There are usually long queues at the check-in. |
| 3) The time goes by more quickly when travelling by plane. | 3) Flying often involves delays and cancellation. |
| 4) Turbulence can also spoil the flight. | |
| 5) There are occasionally terrorost threats which would spoil any journey. | |
| 6) You luggage can be lost. | |
| 7) It is the most expensive way of travelling. | |
by train |
|
| 1) The seats were made into beds on night journeys. | 1)Your fellow -passengers can be annoying. |
| 2) Railway stations are usually in the centre of the city. (It is closer to your home than the airport). | 2) Sometimes it is stuffy in the compartment. |
| 3) The tickets are less expensive. | 3) It isn’t convenient to have meals on the upper berth. |
| 4) There is a buffet car selling drinks and snacks. | 4) Toilets ate usually dirty. |
| 5) You can look out of the window and enjoy picturesque landscapes around you. | |
| 6) The porter can help you with the luggage. | |
by car |
|
| 1) You can stop wherever you want. | 1) Petrol is very expensive. |
| 2) You don’t have to buy any tickets. | 2) Sometimes it is difficult to find a service (or a filling) station in an unknown place. |
| 3)Your shouldn’t follow any timetable (you don’t depend on any schedule) | 3) Roads (highways) are not in good condition. |
by ship |
|
| 1) There is a lot of entertainment on board a large cruise liner. | 1)You are afraid of tossing. |
| 2) The ship stops in different ports and you can go on the shore for excursions. | 2) You can suffer from seasickness. |
| 3) Your voyage depends on the weather. | |
6. We have just compared some possible advantages and disadvantages. When you are going to travel you have to solve lots of problems. So. our choice of means of travelling depends on its aims. our plans and financial possibilities. (Приложение1)
Now. let’s do some tasks focusing on vocabulary. You have to complete the text by making an appropriate word from the word stem you are given.
Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits the space in the same line.
Fasten your seat belts
Is a good holiday what I need? (Приложение 2)
7. Do you like to do crosswords or chainwords? As for me. I adore. Crossword puzzles are the most popular and widespread word game in the world. Try this one. It is called “Are you an experienced traveller?” I think it won’t be very difficult for you.
Travelling Chainword (Рисунок 1)
ARE YOU AN EXPERIENCED TRAVELLER? (Приложение 3)
8. Teacher. We live in Saint Petersburg. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. Millions of tourists visit our city every year. Let’s talk about tourism in our city.
What would you recommend a foreign tourist wishing to visit Saint-Petersburg.
We start from the general information about our city (the main facts from its history and geography).
We’ll outline all the aspects of tourism. summarize all the information on the topic and make a special scheme which is called “cluster”. It will help us to look at the problem all in all. (Рисунок 2)
Possible answers (white hat)
1) SPb was built on the swampy land at the mouth of the Neva River that forms 42
islands. It is 74 kilometers long. making its 32 km. within the city limits. It flows into the Gulf of Finland. The climate of S.Pb. is very humid but it’s not mild.
It’s not very hot in summer but it rather cold (even frosty) and windy in winter. So don’t forget to take warm clothes.
The best period of the year is the period of the so-called “white nights”. Thanks to the geographical location (60o northern latitude. 30o eastern longitude) it is nearly as light at night. as during the daytime. This is the time from the middle of June till the beginning of July. People usually walk a lot at the time of the “white nights”. A risen drawbridge is one of the symbols of Saint- Petersburg and one of the major tourist attractions during this period.
2) It was founded in 1703 by Peter the Great as the “window to Europe”. It was the capital of Russia from 1712 till 1918. It is called the Northern Venice because there are 65 rives. arms and canals there. The main tourist attractions are the Winter Palace. the Hermitage. the Russian Museum. St. Isaac’s Cathedral. the Peter- and- Paul Fortress. the Admiralty. Kazan Cathedral.
There are many beautiful places around St. Petersburg.You really enjoy visiting the suburbs of SPb: Perergof. Pushkin. Pavlovsk with their wonderful palaces. parks and fountains.
3) There are over twenty theatres in SPb. Some of them are famous all over the world. Mariinsky Theater is one the most famous.
The traditional Russian cuisine is rich and tasty. You can try traditional Russian dishes almost in every restaurant of SPb.
There are a lot of nightclubs of different kinds. They can offer both traditional Russian folk music and modern rhythms. the best of Russian and European cuisine. friendly. hospitable and relaxing atmosphere. Most of them have various variety shows performed by Russian and foreign theatres. movie and variety actors.
4) There are a lot of hotels in our city. Most of them are five-star hotels located in the historical centre.(The Nevsky Palace Hotel. The Grand Hotel Europe) They offer luxurious rooms. different restaurants and bars. health clubs and shopping arcades.
5) If you want to buy some souvenirs you can do it everywhere (in the shops and souvenir booths in your hotel or near historical sights).
You can buy matreyoska dolls. ushaka(hats). different badges. T- shirts. spoons from the village of Khokhloma and Palekh boxes.
6) City transport is another popular issue of discussion. Public transport is inadequate. it doesn’t run regularly. and is always crowded. The most popular kind of public transport in our city is underground. It’s not expensive. A token costs 12 roubles. If you want to go by bus. you’ll have to wait for it for a long time. Moreover. they are often full and uncomfortable. The number of private cars has greatly increased. so there are traffic jams on the streets of the city especially in rush hours. City authorities are solving this problem by building a ring road. but the construction has not been completed yet.
7) Local people are very polite and helpful. But unfortunately not all of them speak English or any other foreign languages. But be careful! The level of street crime is increasing!
7. We have collected some facts about tourism in SPb. You can add whatever details you like. Ask each other questions on this topic. Is there anything else you would like to ask about? Give your own views to the following questions.
Possible questions.
“Fat” questions.
1) Why is it better to visit SPb. Give your explanation?
2) SPb is a cultural centre of Russia. isn’t it? Prove it.
3) What is the connection between the geographical position of SPb and its historical past?
4)Why is SPb called the “Northern Venice”.
“Thin” questions.
1) What are the main places of interest in SPb?
2) What hotels in SPb do you know?
3) What suburbs of SPb are worth visiting?
4) When did SPb become the capital of Russia?
5) What is the most convenient kind of public transport in SPb?
8. We have just discussed the main items of the problem. It’s time to learn something new. Let’s read the text about hotels in Saint-Petersburg and compare our opinions. Take a pencil and do marks on the margins while reading. (Приложение 4)
“V” information is known |
“E” new information |
“-“ you don’t think so |
“?” you don’t understand. or have further questions |
This technique is called INSERT
I - interactive
N - noting
S - system
E - effective
R - reading
T - thinking
III. Стадия рефлексии (Reflection)
9. Teacher. So. it’s time to come to the conclusion. Let’s make a list of pros and cons for tourist visiting SPb. Try to identify the main problems and to find some positive things. Have you got anything to add? Can anybody sum up what has been said?
| “+” | “-“ |
| there are a lot of places to visit | accommodation is expensive |
| the night life is excellent | tourists do not always feel safe |
| the food is tasty | a lot of traffic problems |
| local people are polite and friendly | the climate is not always pleasant |
Example:
Today we try to highlight what tourists like about Saint- Petersburg and to identify the main problems they have while visiting our city.
There are several positive things.
a) SPb is one of most beautiful cities in the word. There are a lot of places to visit (palaces. museums. exhibitions).
Also there are a lot of beautiful places around SPb. You really enjoy visiting them.
b) There are many places to eat (restaurants and cafes). where you can try both Russian and international food.
c) The night life is excellent. There are a lot of clubs and discos for different tastes.(some of them are very expensive).
d) If you are a theatre-goer. SPb is a suitable place for you. Our city is famous for its theatres. Visit Marinsky or Alexandrinsky Theatre.
However. there are many things which tourists would like to improve.
a) Accommodation is expensive. There are many luxury hotels in the centre of the city. But there are not enough small. cheap hotels (B& B or youth hostels).
b) Although local people are polite. helpful and friendly. the level of street crime is high. So. tourists don’t always feel safe.
c) Public transport is overcrowded and rather expensive. The buses are cheap but not very frequent. Underground is more efficient than other forms of public transport especially in rush hours. but it is overcrowded too.
d) The climate of SPb is not pleasant in all seasons. The best time to visit our city is in June during the period of white nights.
To sum up. on the one hand tourists can find SPb very beautiful and attractive with lots of things to do and see. On the other hand. they might find some things disappointing. In addition. tourists think SPb can be a dangerous place.
I don’t think there is anything more to say about the subject. We have covered the subject thoroughly. After some discussion. we all agreed that Saint-Petersburg is really worth visiting but we have a lot to do to avoid some drawbacks.
10. In conclusion. try to answer the following questions . (Приложение 5)
11. Teacher.
I’m afraid it’s time to stop. I want you to write down your home work. You should write a “for and against” essay on the topic we have discussed. about tourism in Saint-Petersburg. That’s all for now.
Goodbye. every one. Our lesson is over.