Цель занятия: познакомится с новой лексикой и новыми терминами на английском языке.
В результате выполнения данной работы обучающийся должен:
- Знать: профессиональную лексику и терминологию на английском языке.
- Уметь: применять лексику и терминологию в профессиональном общении и при решении производственных задач.
Общие теоретические сведения (необходимые для выполнения заданий): основные правила чтения букв и буквосочетаний, правила чтения количественных и порядковых числительных, правила чтения окончаний имен существительных и прилагательных, основных словообразовательных суффиксов, фонетические особенности произношения и интонации английского предложения, времена английского глагола действительного и страдательного залогов.
№ 1. Прочитайте текст и найдите в тексте:
- имена существительные обозначающие различные материалы;
- словосочетания, которые классифицируют объекты;
- глаголы, характеризующие материалы.
TEXT. ENGINEERING MATERIALS
Engineers have to know the best and most economical materials to use. Engineers must also understand the properties of these materials and how they can be worked. There are two kinds of materials used in engineering — metals and non-metals. We can divide metals into ferrous and non-ferrous. The former contain iron and the latter do not contain iron. Cast iron and steel, which are both alloys, or mixtures of iron and carbon, are the two most important ferrous metals. Steel contains a smaller proportion of carbon than cast iron. Certain elements can improve the properties of steel and are therefore added to it. For example, chromium may be included to resist corrosion and tungsten to increase hardness.
Aluminium, copper, and the alloys (bronze and brass) are common non-ferrous metals.
Plastics and ceramics are non-metals; however, plastics may be machined like metals. Plastics are classified into two types — thermoplastics and thermosets. Thermoplastics can be shaped and reshaped by heat and pressure but thermosets cannot be reshaped because they undergo chemical changes as they harden. Ceramics are often employed by engineers when materials which can withstand high temperatures are needed.
№ 2 Найдите в тексте эквиваленты для следующих словосочетаний
Model: There are two kinds of engineering materials. There are two kinds of materials used in engineering.
- Nickel steel is a mixture of iron, carbon and nickel.
- Chromium can be added to steel to provide a good cutting edge.
- There are many kinds of steel used in industry.
- Ceramics are used by engineers where heat-resistant materials are needed.
- Chromium steels resist corrosion.
№ 3. Верно или неверно? True or false.
- Engineers must know the properties of engineering materials.
- All materials can be classified as metals and non-metals.
- Non-ferrous metals can contain iron.
- Steels have to contain more carbon than cast iron.
- Ceramics can resist high temperatures.
- Thermosets may be machined.
- Thermoplastics can be shaped and reshaped.
№ 4. Ответьте на вопросы:
- What kinds of materials are used in engineering?
- How are metals classified?
- What is the difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals?
- For what purpose are some elements (such as chromium and tungsten) added to steel?
- What kinds of non-metals do you know?
- What can you say about classification and properties of plastics?
- In what cases are ceramics used?