Word Formation

Разделы: Иностранные языки, Конкурс по английскому языку «Cambridge English Teacher»


ФОРМА УЧАСТНИКА КОНКУРСА CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH TEACHER

1.

Activity title

Word Formation

2.

Skills

- forming words
- understanding text structure
- deducing meaning from context

3.

Level

B2

4.

Exam part

Reading and Use of English (Part 3)

5.

Aims

- to practise forming words using prefixes and suffixes
- to extend range of vocabulary for talking about money and business
- to broaden the students' knowledge of American culture

6.

Materials needed

worksheets and dictionaries

7.

Preparation

  1. Choosing and adapting the text about the history of Black Friday.
  2. Choosing the words for talking about money and business from the text.
  3. Making an exercise to introduce these words from the text.
  4. Making a word formation exercise with these words from the text to practise forming words using prefixes and suffixes and extend range of vocabulary for talking about money and business.
  5. Reading the text again and identifying the words suitable for practising word formation.
  6. Changing the text into a word formation exercise.

8.

Procedure

Step 1. Introduction of the vocabulary for talking about money and business. Students match six words from the text they're going to read with the definitions. (exercise 1)

Step 2.

- Using the words from exercise 1 to practise forming words and to extend range of vocabulary for talking about money and business. Students complete the table with word forms using suffixes and prefixes given in brackets. (exercise 2)
- Using the words from exercise 2 in context. Students fill in the gaps in six sentences with the suitable word from the table in exercise 2. (exercise 3)

Step 3. Reading the text about the history of Black Friday and practising forming words. Students read the text and use the words given in capitals to form the words that fit the gaps. (exercise 4).

9.

Variation

I wouldn't change anything.

10.

Reflections

Having done the exercises in class, I've decided to change exercise 2 a little. I've added prefixes and suffixes for students to use when forming words. In class, looking up different word forms in a dictionary may take too much time. It might be better to focus not on remembering word forms or looking them up in a dictionary but on suffixes and prefixes and the meanings of the words we form.

Black Friday

1. Match the words on the left with the definitions on the right. There is one extra definition you do not need to use.

1) Finances

a) the amount of money you have to pay for something

2) Market

b) the money that an organization or person has

3) Price

c) the sale of goods in shops to customers

4) Profit

d) to take something from a shop without paying for it

5) Retail

e) money that you gain by selling things or doing business, after your costs have been paid

6) Shoplift

f) money that someone gets from working or from investing money

g) the business or trade in a particular type of goods or services

2. Complete the table. What do the words in the table mean?

VERBS

NOUNS

ADJECTIVES

finance

financier

financial

market

marketing
…………. (-er)

…………… (-able)

price

price
…………. (-ing)

pricey / pricy
overpriced
…………… (-less)

……………

profit
……………. (-ity)

profitable
…………… (un-)

……………

retail
…………… (-er)

-

shoplift

…………… (-ing)
…………… (-er)

-

3. Use the word given in capital letters to form a word that fits in the gap.

  1. Wall Street is the ……………………… centre of the US. (FINANCE)
  2. The program is designed to provide students with real, ……………………… skills. (MARKET)
  3. The tablet gives us ……………………… knowledge about civilization about 3,500 years ago. (PRICE)
  4. Every company tries to boost its ………………………. . (PROFIT)
  5. The company is a ……………………… of office equipment and furniture. (RETAIL)
  6. He was arrested for ……………………… last week. (SHOPLIFT)

4. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals to form a word that fits in the gap. There is an example at the beginning of the text.

Black Friday

The history of Black Friday started much earlier than people may think. The day after Thanksgiving has been the unofficial (OFFICIAL) beginning of the Christmas season since the late 19th century. The day after Thanksgiving wasn't called Black Friday then.

The first recorded use of the term "Black Friday" was applied not to holiday …………… (SHOP) but to financial crisis: the crash of the US gold market on September 24, 1869. Two Wall Street …………… (FINANCE), Jay Gould and Jim Fisk, worked together to buy as much as they could of the nation's gold in the hope of driving the price sky-high and …………… (MAXIMISE) their profits. On that Friday in September, the stock market crashed. Fisk and Gould's actions left everyone from Wall Street barons to farmers bankrupt.

It was not until later years that the post-Thanksgiving period became …………… (ASSOCIATE) with the name.

Police officers in Philadelphia were first to link Black Friday to the post-Thanksgiving period in the 1950s. Large crowds of tourists and shoppers came to the city the day after Thanksgiving for the Army-Navy football game, creating chaos, traffic jams and …………… (SHOPLIFT) opportunities. Police officers in the city had to work long shifts to deal with the crowds and traffic. They used the term "Black Friday" to describe the chaos in Philadelphia.

By 1961, the term had caught on in Philadelphia. Some of the city's merchants disliked the negative connotations and …………… (UNSUCCESSFUL) tried to change it to "Big Friday". By the late 1980s, the term was known across the nation and …………… (RETAIL) linked it to their post-Thanksgiving sales.

Today, Black Friday is the USA's …………… (BIG) shopping event of the year, when many shops cut their prices on a range of products in order to boost profits.

Adapted from https://www.history.com/news/whats-the-real-history-of-black-Friday and https://www.telegraph.co.uk/black-Friday/0/did-black-Friday-get-name-history-behind-biggest-sales-event/