Цели урока: совершенствовать компетенции разных видов речевой деятельности.
Задачи урока:
- Практические: совершенствовать речевые компетенции по теме “Англо-говорящие страны”; развивать навыки монологической речи, аудирования, чтения.
- Развивающие: активизировать выученную лексику по теме; углубить знания учащихся по теме; развивать мышление, слуховой контроль, зрительную память и воображение; способствовать развитию социокультурной компетенции.
- Воспитательные: способствовать расширению общего и страноведческого кругозора;
Оборудование урока: карта, флаг Британии, аудиозапись тематического текста, раздаточный материал для контроля аудирования, фото с видами знаменитых мест Лондона, слайд-презентация.
Ход урока
I. Начало урока
1. Организационный момент.
Good morning, dear friends. I am happy to greet you at our English lesson. I am glad to see you happy and healthy today.
2. Сообщение темы.
From the very ancient times people wanted to explore other countries. The use primitive transport, they spent much time to get somewhere, and they tried and tried.
To whatever part of the world you went
By wheel or sail, or wing, or track,
You`ll have exciting things to tell
Now that you are safely back.
So, today we are going to make a very enjoyable trip to a wonderful country, situated on a wet cold island. We`ll speak about its position and history, rivers and mountains, interesting events, and unusual things. We`ll have an exciting excursion about its beautiful capital and see its wonderful places of interest.
3. Введение в иноязычную атмосферу. Языковая разминка в виде коммуникативной ситуации.
T. What country am I thinking of? Ask your questions, please.
P1. Are there any mountains, lakes, rivers in this country?
P2. Are there lots of wild animals in this country?
P3. Is this country large or small?
P4. Is this country hot in summer?
P5. Do people drink tea (wine) in this country?
P6. Is there a good football team in this country?
P7. Is there any oil in this country?
P8. Is there a professional army in this country?
II. Основная часть урока
1. Аудирование текста “Great Britain”.
- предъявление текста;
- дополнения учащихся к тексту;
- контроль понимания текста.
The British Isles consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and about five hundred smaller ones. Great Britain, the largest island in Europe, includes England, Scotland and Wales. It is separated from Ireland by the Irish Sea, from the European Continent by the North Sea, the English Channel and the Strait of Dover. Great Britain and Northern Ireland form the United Kingdom.
The greater part of the surface of England and Ireland is flat. The surface of Scotland and Wales is mountainous. The highest mountain in the UK is Ben Nevis in Scotland. The chief rivers can be used by ships. They have slow currents and broad mouths. So the rivers are suitable for commerce. The coastline has excellent ports. The sea enters deeply into the land and has a great influence on the climate. The winter is not very cold, and the summer is not unpleasantly hot. Great Britain is one of the most highly industrialized countries in the world. It lives by the industry and trade. There are some great seaports in the UK, such as London, Newcastle, Liverpool, Glasgow and others.
The capital of the UK is London. London is an ancient city, many centuries old. It is the seat of the Government of the whole country. It is also the centre of British cultural life for its places of interest.
Great Britain is a parliamentary monarchy. The Queen is the head of the state. The country is ruled by the Government In the name of the Queen.
The British Parliament consists of two Houses: the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The Prime Minister is at the head of the Government.
P1. I want to tell you about the industry of the UK. The UK is mainly industrial country, and most of the people live in large towns.
London, the capital, is one of many important industrial centers. Lots of things, such as clothes, food, planes and cars are made in and around London. Birmingham is the biggest town and an important industrial area near the centre of England. Machines, cars are made in this area. TV sets and radios are also produced there.
Manchester in the north-west of England is the centre of the cotton textile industry, one of Britain`s most important producers of computers and electronic equipment. Coal-mining is important in South Wales, but many of the mines there have been closed.
Sheep can be seen in many parts of England and Scotland, and there are a lot of cattle-farms and farms where milk, butter and cheese are produced. But only half of the food the country needs is produced by its agriculture.
P2. I want to add some words about the natural resources of Great Britain.
The Pennine Range in northern England and the Cambrian Mountains in Wales are much lower. In the extreme south of England there are the famous chalk hills, some of which form the Diver Cliffs. In the southern, south-eastern parts of the island there are lowlands.
The rivers in Great Britain are short and of no great importance as waterways. The longest one is the Severn. Also worth mentioning is the “- Father of London”, the Thames, which is a little over 200 miles. London, Liverpool, Hull and Glasgow are the main ports of Britain. Owing to the shape of the country, any point of Great Britain is no more than 70 miles from the sea. Naturally, English people are the sea-lovers.
Test:
Answer the questions about the UK.
1. The official name of Great Britain is…
a) the United Kingdom of Great Britain;
b) the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland;
c) Great Britain.
2. The flag Of the UK is known as…
a) the Union Jack;
b) the Jack Union;
c) the flag of crosses.
3. In everyday speech “Great Britain” is used to mean…
a) England;
b) England and Wales;
c) the United Kingdom.
4. The swiftest flowing river in the British Isles is…
a) the Thames;
b) the Spey;
c) the Severn.
5. Westminster Abbey was…
a) a church;
b) a tower;
c) a monastery – the West Minster.
2. Выполнение тестового задания.
1) Заполнить пропуски словами из таблицы.
2) Дать ответ на вопрос.
T. Fill in the blanks with the missing words from the box. Read the text and answer the question: “What is the difference between the United Kingdom and Great Britain?”
| 1) Isles | 6) government |
| 2) Wales | 7) Northern Ireland |
| 3) law | 8) self-governing |
| 4) Scotland | 9) mean |
5) Kingdom
The UK is made up of such countries as England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Its full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and … Great Britain, on the other hand, comprises only England, Scotland and … It is the largest island of the British … Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic form the second largest island.
The Isle of Man and the Channel Islands are not parts of the United … They are largely … with their own … legislative bodies and systems of … The British … is, however, responsible for their protection and international relations. The term “Britain” is used informally to … the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
3. Работа над грамматикой.
T. Fill in the blanks with the superlative form of the adjectives in brackets. Name nine outstanding features of Great Britain.
1) The … (high) mountain in Britain is Ben Nevis (1,343 m).
2) Scotland’s … (famous) poet was Robert Burns (1759-1796). He wrote many poems in Scottish dialect.
3) The … (wet) place in Britain is the Lake District. It has about 440 cm of rain a year.
4) Penzance, in Cornwall, is the … (warm) place in Britain. The average temperature is 11.5*C.
5) Britain’s … (large) football stadium is in Glasgow. It is called Hampden Park, and can hold 64,110 people.
6) The … (great) English Writer, W. Shakespeare, was born in Stratford-on-Avon in 1564. His … (famous) play is probably “Hamlet”.
7) The … (old) university in Britain is Oxford. It was founded in 1167.
8) The River Severn is the … (long) river in Britain (354 km).
4. Заполнение анкеты для поездки заграницу.
T. We are going abroad and of course we must fill application forms. Please, write down your name, surname, age, nationality and home address. Then take the application forms to the customs.
5. Игра “Определи счастливое число”.
T. I see you know a lot about Great Britain you are ready to visit it, but how can we get there? Let’s choose the best means of transport. What is it?
P. I think plane is OK.
T. But to know the number of your seats in the plane I offer you to play.
Listen to my instructions, follow them step by step and you’ll find out your lucky number.
1) How old are you? Write the number in the triangle.
2) What’s the date today? Write the number of the day in the circle.
3) How many children are there in your class? Write the number in the square.
4) How many letters are there in your name? Write the number in the rectangle.
5) Add up all the numbers. Write the total in the small circle.
6) Add up the numbers in the small circle. Write the total in the star.
6. Аудирование рассказа учащегося об истории флага Великобритании.
T. Every country has its state symbols. They are: the state flag, emblem, national anthem. What do know about the flag of the UK?
P. The flag of the UK is called the “Union Jack”. The design of the flag comes from three different flags. Four hundred years ago, England and Scotland had different kings. But then in 1603, James, the king of Scotland, also became the king of England. His new “united kingdom” got a new flag too. The flag of England had a red cross on a white background. The flag of Scotland had a white diagonal cross on a blue background. In 1801, Ireland also became part of the UK. This was the flag of Ireland in 1801: a red diagonal cross on a white background. So this is the Union Jack we can see today.
7. Ролевая игра.
T. You see that the English people love their country and they are proud of the beauty and wealth of the UK, of their history and literature, culture and science. They are also proud of their cities and towns and enjoy the beauty of their capital. Do you remember the words of the famous people about London?
P1. “I hope to see London before I die” (W. Shakespeare. Henry 4).
P2. “When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life, for there is in London all that life can afford”. (Samuel Johnson).
T. But the best way to know London is to visit it.
8. Самостоятельно подготовленные рассказы учащихся по теме “Из истории Лондона” (использование литературы страноведческого характера).
T. What do you know about the history of London?
P1. London, the capital of the UK, is two thousand years old. It is the largest city in Britain and one of the largest cities in the world. It is also a huge port.
London is an old city. It was founded in the first century A.D. by the Romans. The Romans went to England many centuries ago. They built a town on the river Thames. The name of the town was Londinium. The Romans built the city near the river. The place for the town was very good. Soon the Romans built a bridge over the river Thames.
Londinium got bigger and bigger. The Romans built many roads from Londinium to other parts of Britain. The river Thames has always been a part of London’s history. In Roman times Londinium was a small town with the Thames River at its centre. Now, London is a very large city and the Thames is still at the centre of London.
P2. Like all large cities, London has a lot of different parts and river joins them together.
The oldest part of London is the City of London. There was already a town here, when the Romans came. The Romans build a new city with a bridge a city wall. It became an important port with many industries. Today the City is an international financial centre, full of offices and banks. Over two million people work in the City during the day, but only a few thousand live there.
London hasn’t always been a capital of England. The first capital was Winchester. But London has always been the richest city. The kings of England often needed money. So the moved their capital close to London. But they didn’t want to live in London itself. It was dirty, smelly dangerous. So they made their capital at Westminster. At first the two cities of London and Westminster were separate and there were fields between them. But slowly they grew together into the city.
P3. We welcome you to London. We start from Trafalgar Square. Trafalgar Square is the geographical centre of the British capital. The square was named "Trafalgar" to commemorate Admiral Nelson's victory at the Battle of Trafalgar in 1805. There is the monument in the centre of the square known as Nelson's Column. Around the monument there are four bronze bar-reliefs, representing scenes of Nelson's life and death. The statue is guarded at the base by four bronze lions. Nelson was killed in the battle but the victory was won. The English consider Admiral Nelson to be a national hero for his victory in the war against Napoleon. The National Gallery (a great picture museum) is situated on Trafalgar Square. It contains a wonderful collection of works from the British, French, Italian, Dutch and Spanish schools, which existed between the 13th and the 19th centuries.
P4. We are making our way to the famous St. Paul’s Cathedral. St. Paul's Cathedral is in the centre of London and is considered to be an architectural masterpiece. After the Great Fire the City had to be built again. The commission of six architects was organized for the rebuilding and Sir Christopher Wren was the most talented of them. This architect drew a plan which greatly determined the look of today's London though it was not realized in every detail. It was forbidden to build wooden houses in the City of London. St. Paul's Cathedral was the greatest work of Sir Christopher Wren. It is one of the largest churches in the world. Sir Wren was building the Cathedral for 35 years, completed it in 1711, and his aim was to build a church that could rival the great St. Peter Basilica in Rome. St. Paul was built of white stone as well as many other buildings in the City of London. But smoke and soot made the stones black and only the columns and edges were washed by the rain and remained white. That is how the building got its peculiar white-and-black look. On top of St. Paul's Cathedral is a high dome, which contains the Whispering Gallery, where whisper can be heard at a great distance.
P5. In a moment you will see Westminster Abbey. Westminster area is also called the City of Westminster. It is the most important part of London, where Parliament and most government offices are located. Westminster Abbey is regarded as the centre of this area. They say, the City was founded here near the monastery as far back as the 7th century. In the 11th century King Edward the Confessor decided to build a great abbey church there. It was a monastery for a long time. William the Conqueror was crowned there and since then many kings and queens of England followed this tradition. There is the ancient Coronation Chair beneath which there is the Stone of Scone (the ancient Scottish Coronation Throne that was brought to England by King Edward I as a sign of defeat of Scotland. Many English kings and queens and other famous statesmen, writers, scientists are buried in Westminster Abbey. Among them there are two queen’s rivals Elizabeth I Tudor and Mary Stuart, Oliver Cromwell, Charles Dickens, Rudyard Kipling, Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin. It is famous for the Poet's Corner, where most popular writers, poets and musicians are buried. Opposite Westminster Abbey there are the Houses of Parliament, which are often called the Palace of Westminster (or Westminster Palace). Westminster Palace was built in medieval days. It was a place of royal dwelling as early as the 11th century, which later became the meeting place of Parliament. It was destroyed many times by fire, and the foundation stone of the new Houses of Parliament was laid in 1840. It is a beautiful building with two towers. In the north part of the Houses there is Victoria Tower. It is 104 meters high and the national flag is hoisted on its top when the Parliament is sitting. In the southern part of the building there is its clock tower, St. Stephen's Tower with the famous Big Ben. St. Stephen's Tower is more often called Big Ben, which is actually the name of the largest bell on the clock tower and a part of the Great Clock of Westminster. Its official name is the Great Bell of Westminster. It is 13.5 tons. The origin of the name belongs to Sir Benjamin Hall, the chief Commissioner of Works, when the Houses of Parliament were rebuilt in 1850. Sir Benjamin Hall was a very tall and stout man. His nickname was “Big Ben”.
P6. Parliament Square in front of the Palace of Westminster is famous for the monuments to great British statesmen. There is a monument to Oliver Cromwell and a monument to Winston Churchill. Whitehall, the governmental street, begins from Parliament Square. Most British ministries like the Admiralty and official residences are situated here. The British Government itself is often called Whitehall. Downing Street is very small and is usually associated with Whitehall. Downing Street (House № 10) is the official residence of British prime ministers. Down the Whitehall Street there is not less popular street called the Mall, the straightest and the broadest street in the central part of London. Once the Mall has been an alley and the King played ball on it. The French name of this ball game — "pall-mall" — gave names to two next streets: Pall Mall and the Mall. The Mall is now the front entrance to the Buckingham Palace.
P7. Buckingham Palace (the Palace) is the official London residence of the Queen and the Royal family. When the Queen is at the residence the flag is flying on top of Buckingham Palace. It was a country residence of the Duke of Buckingham. But in the 19th century it was rebuilt for King George. The Changing of the Guard is the ceremony that you can see in front of Buckingham Palace. It dates back to the 17th century. The ceremony takes place every morning at 11.30 and lasts for 30 minutes. It is a real theatrical performance. The Queen's Guards wear traditional uniforms and tall black fur caps called "busbies". T. I think you were greatly impressed by London’s beauty.
III. Завершение урока
IV. Подведение итогов.
T. Dear friends! Thank you for your preparation and activity at the lesson. I was greatly impressed with your answers. You showed your excellent knowledge.