Тема: «Русская живопись второй половины 19 века».
Тема урока: «Russian of the second half of the XIX century».
Форма урока: урок-экскурсия.
Цели:
- совершенствовать навыки монологической речи учащихся;
- учить учащихся свободно переносить полученные знания в новые акты общения в соответствии с определенной коммуникативной целью;
- учить учащихся описывать картины художников;
- формировать навыки правильного реогирования в речевой ситуации; умение выразить и доказать свою точку зрения.
Задачи:
- Образовательные:
- познакомить учащихся с наиболее выделяющимися произведениями русской живописи второй половины XIX в.
- Воспитательные:
- формировать эстетические вкусы учащихся;
- воспитывать умение внимательно слушать собеседника и вести беседу.
Технические средства обучения:
- компьютер
- лексические таблицы
- иллюстрации картин:
- «Рожь», Шишкин <Рисунок 1>
- «Аленушка», Васнецов <Рисунок 2>
- «Не ждали?», Репин <Рисунок 3>
- «Боярыня Морозова», Суриков <Рисунок 4>
- «Осенний день. Сокольники», Левитан <Рисунок 5>
ХОД УРОКА
I. Оргмомент
T: Dear friends! Glad to see you.
I hope you are all fine, aren’t you? (P1, P2 etc)
At the previous lessons we had a talk about classical painting and abstract art. So you
know the world of art is wide and beautiful, when artists create their woks they follow
different tendencies, art movements and styles.
Today I’m glad to tell you that we have a good opportunity to learn more about art.
I’d like to invite you to an art exhibition. Now we’ll have to decide where to go and
what to see. Let’s choose, classical or abstract art?
P1: As for me I’m for classicism.
I think it’s real. It deals with real life. And a real artist, to my mind, is that one
who welcomes the sunrise as a wonderful symbol of man’s finest hopes.
P2: I can’t say that I understand some modern trends in art quite well,
f. ex. abstractionism, but I’d like to learn more about it. I think it gives great
impetus to scientific thought.
P3: It’s not easy for me to select a certain art style or genre, but if
you ask me I’ll choose a classical manner of painting. I absolutely agree that it has a
close contact with real life of people that gives great power to an artist’s work.
P4: I think that abstractionism with its geometric elements, rectangles
and squares reveals dynamism of modern life. And it has many other expressive forms that
make me think, involve my fantasy, develop my imagination.
P5: You see, not long ago I visited the exhibition of Russian painting. I
enjoyed it greatly. It was a real holiday for me. It’s obvious that painting of old
Russian masters is one of the greatest treasures mankind has collected in the history of
its civilization.
P6: In my opinion abstract painting lacks one of the main characteristics
of art: it’s hard for perception, it doesn’t convey the passion of a human heart. It
breaks up the artistic image and form of the world around us and doesn’t reflect the
actual life.
P7: As far as I’m able to judge old thinking prevails. Abstract manner
of painting is a perfect way for artists to explore and express their ideas.
P8: In my view the old Russian painting reflects the collective
experience of human spiritual life of many centuries. I think that such great painters,
Repin, Levitan f. ex., make us see and think a great deal more than different objects in
some pictures. Their masterpieces are a great source of beauty, aren’t they?
P9: But new times cell for new songs. A modern man is naturally
interested in the art reflecting his own time and his own experience. As for me I’m for
abstractionism.
P10: Well, I must say that I’m for classical art too. It appeals to my
feelings, first of all. It’s truthful relationship of art and life.
T: So tastes differ. But as far as I see most of you are for classical
art, aren’t you?
Now let’s have a look at the information we have about classical art exhibitions.
(the students are looking for the exhibition on the computer)
1. Guided tours. The collection of modern art.
Opening time: 11.30 a.m., 14.30 p.m.
Monday, Friday.
The Hermitage.
2. Guided tours. The collection of Russian painting (XIX c.)
10.30 a.m., 15.00 p.m.
Tuesday – Saturday
The State Tretyakov Gallery
3. English painting XVIII c.
11.00 a.m., 14.00 p.m.
Tuesday – Sunday
The State Russian museum
4. Russian avant – garde. Private collection.
12.00 a.m., 13.00 p.m.
Saturday Sunday
The State Tretyakov Gallery
T: Well, what will your choice be?
P5: The State Tretyakov Gallery! Russian painting!
II. So you are welcome to the State Tretyakov Gallery!
T: I’d like to begin our talk about painting with the association of
Mobile Art Exhibition or “Peredvizhniki”. I think you have heard much of it and know
something about this society of the artists, don’t you?
P1: As far as I know this association united almost all the greatest
Russian realistic artists of the second half of the 19-th century.
T: Who were they?
P1: Its members were such prominent Russian artists as Kramskoy, Surikov,
Polenov…
P2: Shishkin, Vastetsov, Bryulov and many others.
T: You are quite right. Their primary task was to promote the civic and
aesthetic education of the realistic art. It raised the most important questions of the
time. The “Peredvizhniki” group reformed all the genres of painting in Russia.
I must say genre painting and landscape painting occupied the most prominent place in
their work.
Can you tell me one of the names of the most outstanding landscape painters and one of the
founders of the association?
P3: I believe one of them is Ivan Shishkin. He saw the beauty of the
Russian nature in the way close to common people’s understanding it.
1. T: I’m sure that you know many of his pictures, but I’d like to
draw your attention to his canvas “Rye.” <Рисунок 1>.
It’s one of his best canvases. The painter remained faithful to reality and accurately
depicted the details of the landscape.
T: What are they?
P4: The flowers, trees and grain.
P5: The combination of various subjects – of the field and the
forest. He created an epic image of the an abundant Russian nature.
T: There is rarely a place for man in epic landscapes. In this painting,
you see, the travelers are walking along the road.
P6: Oh yes, they are barely visible in the ripe rye, which is in fact
taller than it would be in reality.
P7: The powerful pines with dark green branches, the blue sky and
the gold of the rye create a majestic portrait of Russian nature.
T: You will agree with me if I say that Shishkin depicts the beauty and
power of nature with tremendous skill.
My friends, I’m sure that you know this canvas quite well. Moreover you have known it
since your childhood. What is it? Who is the artist of this picture? <Рисунок 2>
2. P8: “Alyonushka” by Vasnetsov.
T: Have a look at it and say what creates the mood of this picture (you
can use your support lists).
P9: First of all the way the artist shows the countryside. The bright
foliage of the trees, on the banks of the dark pond and the somber lighting emphasize the
feeling of anxiety.
P10: The girl is sitting on the bank of a dark pool, having bent a head
on her arms. A fur-tree forest like a strong wall is behind her back. She is looking
thought fully and sadly into the dark depth. Her clothes are shabby and poor. This is the
image of a peasant girl which is really real.
P1: The vitality of the picture is combined with poetical symbols, I
think the thin branch with chirping swallows under Alyonushka’s head bent like an arch.
P2: The dark forest, pool and lose hair mean unhappiness, danger and bad
thoughts in superstition, but a birch, growing near the water, means heeling and a swallow
– it brings good news. So I believe in good ending.
3. T: This picture is one of the most touching and poetical work,
isn’t it?
Now I want you to guess the artist we are going to speak about now. We had a talk about
him at the previous lessons.
He is one of the best – known painters of the second half of the nineteenth century.
His collection consists of portraits and historical genre paintings. In his works he
reflected anxiety, thoughts and hopes of the democratic society of that time. The whole
epoch in art belongs to him. All his canvases are penetrated with sharp dramatic exertion
and convey the atmosphere of Russian after the reform.
Who is this artist?
P3: I believe it’s Ilya Repin.
T: Yes, and this is his picture “Unexpected Return” <Рисунок 3>.
Olya, I know, you’ve just finished the art school.
I hope you know much about this artist and his pictures.
Am I right?
P2: No doubt, Repin’s sympathy for the revolutionary movement found
expression in this picture. At first glance it seems to be a genre scene. We see the home
– coming and long – suffering but not broken revolutionary. The hero of the picture,
unshaven, gaunt, with a mute question in his feverishly glinting eyes, has been away for a
long time: his daughter has grown up and had time to forget him.
The returning exile in the worn peasant over – coat is singled out by two streams of
light – from the window and from the open door.
As far as I see he is convinced that his views are right and he is not going to change
them. But what about his relatives’ attitude? Is he a source of suffering or pride? The
reply to this mute question can be seen in the figure of his mother who rises to meet him.
It conveys the unexpected joy which she can hardly believe, and the sorrows of the past,
but, above all, pride, I think.
T: Thank you very much, Olya. You’ve given us a rather full description
of this picture.
I can only add that the picture is painted in a soft, amazingly authentic manner, the air
and sunlight filling the room are masterly conveyed.
III. Практическая работа
Now my friends, it’s time for you to describe some pictures on your own. I want you
to do some practical task. Let’s divide into 2 groups.
The task is: guess who are the artists of these pictures, tell a few words about them and
describe the pictures.
Use your support lists.
Учащиеся делятся на две группы и, используя
лексические таблицы, отвечают на поставленные
вопросы.
Одна группа учащихся работает с картиной
Сурикова «Боярыня Морозова» <Рисунок
4>.
Вторая – с картиной Левитана «Осенний день в
Сокольниках» (изображение на экране компьютера
<Рисунок 5>).
IV. Заключение
My friends, to sum it all up, I’d like to say that the role of art is great. Some one
prefers classical manner of painting, some of you like modern art. Tastes differ.
But you’ll agree with me that art enriches our souls, appeal to our hearts, minds and
feelings. It reflects the spirit of every nation, its life – the past, present and
future.