Цель урока:
- Систематизация и обобщение социокоммуникативных навыков общения на английском языке в ситуации делового общения.
- Образовательная задача урока: Развитие диалогических компетенций в рамках заданной проблемной ситуации делового общения.
- Развивающая задача урока: развивать интеллектуальные способности учащихся, расширить их кругозор, общую эрудицию;
Воспитательные задачи урока:
- формировать у учащихся положительную мотивацию изучения иностранного языка;
- способствовать развитию у учащихся положительного отношения к иноязычной культуре;
- способствовать формированию толерантной, творческой и социально – активной личности, готовой к конструктивному взаимодействию с социумом посредством практической деятельности.
Stages
I. Introduction
Teacher. Hello, my dear friends! Glad to see you! Today we are going to travel about the capital of the USA – Washington. But first of all, we will discuss some passages from the book “Back home” by Michelle Magorin.
II. Warming up.
Pupils answer the following questions:
1) Where do the first people to settle North America come from?
2) In the years 1870 – 1930, what part of the world did many immigrants to the USA come from?
3) What two parts of the world are most immigrants from today?
4) What are the major political parties in the USA?
5) Does the USA have an official religion?
6) What does the fourth of July celebrate?
III. Phonetic activities
1. Pupils read the transcription of the following words:
- Permanent site
- Especially
- The Library of Congress
- The District of Columbia
- Virginia
- The Declaration of Independence
- Lincoln Memorial
- Emancipation Proclamation
Pupils read and translate words.
2. Teacher. Let’s learn the poem about the most deeply revered president in American history.
This poem was written by a famous American poet Walt Whitman. Walt Whitman mourned Lincoln’s death along with the whole nation. His poem “O Captain! My Captain!” reflects the sense of fear and loss which Americans felt at so crucial a moment.
O Captain! My Captain!
O Captain! My Captain!
Our fearful trip is done
The ship has weather’d every rack,
The prize we sought is won,
The port is near, the bells I hear,
The people all exulting,
While follow eyes the steady keel,
The vessel grim and daring;
But o, heart! Heart! Heart!
O the bleeding drops of red
Where on the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.O Captain! My Captain!
Rise up and hear the bells;
Rise up – for you the flag is flung –
For you the bugle thrills,
For you bouquets and ribbon’d wreaths –
For you the shores a – crowding,
For you they call, the swaying mass,
Their eager faces turning:
Here Captain! Dear father!
The arm beneath you head!
It is some dream upon the deck,
You’ve fallen cold and dead.
IV Teacher. Now imagine that we travel about Washington, the capital of the USA.
1) First of all we listen to about Washington – the capital of the USA.
2) There are a lot of historical monuments and places of interest in Washington. Most of them are devoted to the history of American presidency. Among them: the Washington Monument.
Washington Monument.
In a city filled with monuments and memorials, the Washington Monument is the most visible. Dedicated to US first president, the monument stands 555 feet tall and is not only the tallest structure in Washington in the world.
Work was officially begun on July4, 1848 and progressed until1854, reaching a height of 150 feet. Public dissatisfaction with the monument, lack of funds and the Civil War halted construction until 1880. When the work resumed, a different color marble was used, thus creating a line still visible today. Work was completed in December 1884; the monument was officially dedicated in February 1885 and opened to the public in October 1888.
Use of its 898 steps is now prohibited and visitors must use the elevator to reach the top and return. the panoramic view from the Washington Monument is equally impressive in the daylight and at night.
3) The next outstanding president in the history of the USA was Thomas Jefferson. We listen about the memorial dedicated to US third president – Thomas Jefferson.
Jefferson Memorial.
The last great monument to be erected on the Mall is a fitting tribute to a man who was an a accomplished architect as well as a powerful statesman. Located at the east of the Tidal Basin is the large domed memorial dedicated to U. S. third president-Thomas Jefferson. The circular, colonnaded structure is an adaptation of his favored Pantheon in Rome.
The nineteen foot bronze statue faces north toward the White House where Jefferson served as Secretary of State under George Washington, Vice-President under Adams, and became President in 1801. Engraved on the interior walls four inscriptions describing the chief principles of Jefferson’s beliefs. The most famous of these is the Declaration of Independence, of which he was the author. Also included are words expressing Thomas Jefferson’s beliefs in freedom of the mind, freedom of the body, necessity of education and necessity for change in laws.
4) Next stop of our travel about the capital of the USA is Lincoln Memorial.
Lincoln Memorial.
At the western end of the Mall and in a direct line with the Washington Monument and Capitol is the Lincoln Memorial, dedicated to U. S. sixteenth President, Abraham Lincoln- a man who believed all men should be free.
In a city with many varied architectural styles, this memorial is designed similar to the Greek Parthenon Construction began in 1914 and was completed in 1922. it has 36 columns surrounding the walls, representing the 36 states in the Union at the time of Lincoln’s death The nineteen foot statue of Lincoln faces east , toward the Capitol and reflecting pool/ On the north wall is Lincoln’s second inaugural Address, and on the south wall is the Gettysburg Address. . Abraham Lincoln was the most deeply revered president in American history.
5) One of the main remarkable places of the capital of the USA is Capitol Building.
U. S. Capitol Building.
Since it’s beginning, the American government has been divided into three branches: the legislative, the executive and the judicial. In planning the new federal city, Pierre Charles L`Enfant placed the Congress House (Capitol Building) and the President’s Palace (White House) at opposite ends of Pennsylvania Avenue, as physical symbols of the separation of the legislative and executive branches of government. The main purpose of the legislative branch, housed in the Capitol Building, is to make the laws that govern the people.
The members of Congress meet in the Capitol Building to decide what laws are needed to protect the nation. Each state has elected officials in the Capitol to represent its people. There are 100 Senators and 135 members of the House of Representatives in Congress. Each state has two senators but the number of representatives from each state is based on the population of the state. The Senate meets in the north wing of the Capitol and the House of Representatives meets in the south wing. A flag flies over each wing of the Capitol when that part of Congress is in session.
In addition to being one of the most important buildings in today’s federal government? the Capitol Building is one of the most impressive buildings in Washington. The Capitol Building is easy to recognize because of its large dome, which is the fourth largest dome in the world, rising 180 feet above the floor and weighing almost nine million pounds. It is in the dome, or Rotunda, where distinguished citizens, including president from Lincoln to Johnson, have lain in state. Around the large dome there are 36 marble columns, racy representing the 36 states in the Union when the dome was built. Above these 36 columns there is another set of 13 columns that represent the 13 original colonies.
At the top of the dome is the Famed Statue of Armed Freedom, the work of Thomas Crawford. The 19 ½ foot high statue represents a woman with the shield of the United States in her left hand, with her right resting on the hilt of a sheathed sword representing “America Ever Ready to Defend Her Freedom.”
The flag flying over the entrance to the Capitol is one of several flags authorized by an act of Congress to remain raised after sundown. This flag flies 24 hours a day because the sun never sets on American possessions. On January 20th, every four years, a platform is built over the center steps of the Capitol and the President-elect takes the oath of office and makes his inaugural address.
There are no skyscrapers in Washington, D. C. because no one building can be higher then the Capitol Building.
6) The White House is the beautiful home of every President of the USA; expect the first president, George Washington.
The White House.
The most famous address in America is 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue because this is the address of the President of the United States.
The cornerstone of the White House was laid on October 13, 1792, making in the oldest government building in Washington himself, in the company of his staff, walked through the rooms just a few days before his death in 1799. John Adams was the first actually to occupy the house in 1800.The White House was burned by the British in 1814, at which time Dolly Madison saved a number of art pieces, Cabinet papers, silver and valuable china, and great portrait of George Washington which hangs in the White House today. After the fire, the White House was repaired and ready for use again in 1818.Whith the restoration, the stone was painted white to obliterate the makes of the fire.
The White House not only served as a residence for the President but also served as the official office for the Executive Branch of American government. The job of the Executive Branch of government and works from his Oval office in the White House to help makes decisions that to help make the decisions that govern and protect the nation.
7) The next sightseeing of Washington is Library of Congress.
Library of Congress
The Library of Congress is the largest and most important library in the world. The congressional bill that provided for the capital to be moved to Washington in 1800 also called for the establishment of a congressional library. A case of maps and 740 books were purchased and installed in the Capitol. These volumes were burned, when the British set fire to the Capitol August 24, 1814.
Within a month after the fire, Thomas Jefferson, who was living in retirement at Montebello, offered to sell his personal library to the nation. Acquired during a period of fifty years, it was considered the finest library in the USA. The library remained in the rebuilt Capitol until 1897, when the Thomas Jefferson Building was opened across the Capitol Plaza.
On display in the great hall, near the entrance to the main reading room, are two of the library’s rarest treasures: the Gutenberg Bible (1455), the first important book printed from movable metal type in the western world and the only perfect copy on vellum in the USA, and the Giant Bible of Mainz,` an illuminated manuscript of 1452-1453 also on vellum.
A copyright law passed in 1870 requires that two copies of every copyrighted book, pamphlet; song be placed in the Library. Also carefully preserved here are a draft of the Declaration of Independence, bearing the hand-written changes made by Thomas Jefferson; Abraham Lincoln’s first drafts of his Gettysburg Address; the papers of 23 presidents, from George Washington to Calvin Coolidge; and the manuscripts of musical compositions by Ludwig von Beethoven, Johannes Brahms, Joseph Haydn, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
From the visitor’s gallery, one sees the 160- foot high main reading room, the heart of the library. 45 thousand reference books are housed here. Since the library ceased to be the sole province of members of Congress in 1898, the resources high school age. It is a research and reference library, however not a lending library.
8) The next stop of our traveling is the majestic building of the Supreme Court. This is where the laws are interrupted by the highest judges in the USA.
The Supreme Court
Designed by architect Cass Gilbert and built under the direction of David Lynn, architect of the Capitol Building, the Supreme Court building was completed in 1935.Costing nearly $ 10 million to build, it is constructed of beautiful marble from three states- Vermont, Georgia and Alabama.
The Supreme Court is the highest court in the land, and as the Judicial Branch of American government, it`s main purpose is to interpret the laws and Constitution of the USA. Should the Supreme Court judges decide that a law is unconstitutional, then the law is revoked; there decision is final. The nine justices or judges are appointed by the President of the USA and will serve on the Supreme Court for the life or until they decide to retire.
9) And the last stop of our excursion is the Smithsonian Instition.
Smithsonian Institution.
When you visit any of the Smithsonian`s 16 museums or the National Zoo, you are entering the world`s largest museum complex. The Smithsonian Institution holds some 134 million artifacts and specimens in its trust “for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men.” The Institution, an important center for research, is dedicated to public education, national service and scholarship in the arts, science and history.
The Smithsonian was established in 1846 with a gift of $ 500,000 given to the American people by James Smithson, an English scientist.
Of the fourteen museums, nine can be found along the Mall, between the Capitol Building and the Washington Monument. Starting in the northwest corner and proceeding clockwise, the buildings are: Museum of American History, Natural History Museum, National Gallery of Art, Air & Space Museum, Hirsh horn Museum, Arts and Industries, National Museum of African Art, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, and Freer Gallery of Art
V. Teacher. In conclusion of the lesson I tell you about Natalja Anfilofeva. She was born in Ulan – Ude, she finished Russian classic gymnasium number 59 in 1997. After that she gave a statement to the California University on Internet. Soon she received a letter from the California University. She was enrolled on the politology faculty. At the same time Nataly worked first at the office of the city Fresno and after that she became an analytic on the researchers of the district. In spite of she was 18 years old, non – American and accent. All her professions, employs, chives applied to her with the respect. Nataly graduated the University; the politology faculty was sent heron practice to Washington to Congress of the USA
Washington is the heart of American policy. Very few people, after graduating the University, getting education can find a work on their direction, considers Nataly.
After arrival to Washington she felt in love with this beautiful wonderful city. During the month she looked for a work in an office of California congressman Kritopher Koks. Now she is working in the committee on the party policy. She writes the bills of America and she knows many leaders from many countries. Every day she goes to Capitol and fells herself happy and lucky.
VI. At the end of the lesson – we imagine that we travel about the capital of the USA – Washington. In further we will continue such excursions about the different cities of the world Thank you.
VII. Home task: the composition about Washington.