Используемый УМК: «Английский в фокусе» (Spotlight) под редакцией О.В Афанасьевой, Дж. Дули, И.В., Михеевой, Б. Оби, В. Эванс.
Цель: Активизация речевой и мыслительной деятельности учащихся.
Задачи:
- Ознакомить учащихся с проблемами экологии во всем мире.
- Совершенствовать у учащихся навыки устной речи, аудирования, чтения, развивать умение свободного владения английским языком в обсуждении экологических проблем.
- Воспитать чувство ответственности за чистоту окружающей среды, любовь к природе. Привить интерес к изучению иностранного языка.
Оборудование: Карта мира, карта Краснодарского края, блок-рисунок Земли, вырезки из газет, таблички с названиями стран, флажки, магнитофон, мультимедийный проектор, компьютер, телевизор, DVD.
Ход урока
Музыкальный фон. 5 учеников по очереди читают стихотворение “Hug the Earth” (by Lorraine Bayes). На экране – виды природы. (Cлайды 2-7 – Приложение 1)
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Walking along feeling free
Feeling the Earth here with me
And I love her, she loves me.
I hug the Earth, the Earth hugs me. -
She’s our friend,
We’d like to be together forever.
The Earth is a garden.
It’s a beautiful place. -
For all living creatures,
For all the human race.
Helping Mother Earth
We can peacefully roam. -
We all deserve a place
We can call our home.
Food is a treasure from the soil and the sea.
Clean, fresh air from the plants and the trees. -
The warmth of the sun giving life each day.
Turns water into rain, it’s nature’s way.
And I would like to thank you, Mother Earth,
I like to see you dressed in green and blue.
I want to be by you.
Teacher: Today we’ll have our conclusion lesson on the topic “Ecology”.
We will discuss many important problems connected with our topic. You will exchange your opinions about these global problems, how to protect our Earth, how to prevent further pollution of the atmosphere and what urgent and necessary measures to undertake.
Now let’s watch the film about ecology of our region and Krasnodar.
(Во время показа съемок об экологической ситуации в Краснодарском крае шесть учащихся друг за другом читают по две строчки стихотворения):
What Have They Done to the World?
What have they done to the seas, my friends?
What have they done to the seas?
What have they done to the rivers, my friends?
What have they done to the trees?
What have they done to our land, my friends?
This land which is ours from our birth.
What have they done to our forests, my friends?
What have they done to the Earth?
What have they done to the skies, my friends?
Skies that are blue and so clear.
What have they done to the skies, my friends?
What have they done to the air?
Ведущий: Dear friends, just now you have seen the film about the environmental situation in our region. As this problem is global, I want to discuss it. Please, be active in the discussion.
Pupil 1: The film and the words of the poem impressed me greatly. I am upset because just now we have seen many polluted parts of our land. Now we know that buses and cars are the sources of pollution. We know that noise is a special kind of environmental pollution.
Ведущий: How do you think, why environmental problems became exceptionally acute in Russia?
Pupil 2 : For a long time too little attention was paid to the environment. Today the situation is quite different. People all over the world are worried what is happening to the environment because of modern industry and the need for more energy. Newspapers and magazines write about water, air and land pollution. Now many parts of the world are overcrowded, people live in big cities and much of the waste, especially waste from factories, electric power stations, the chemical industry and heavy industry are very dangerous. Fish dies in lakes, rivers and seas, forest trees die too. Much of this dangerous waste goes into the air and is carried by winds for great distances. Global warming threatens to wreck the planet. Water is being used unsustainably and is running out. Animal and plant species are being wiped out. These problems become very pressing, the subject of many scientific meetings. Let everybody remember: we live only once and not a very long life. We have one earth for all those who love it and who do not. John Sawhill, US environmentalist said “A society is not defined by what it creates, but by what it refuses to destroy.” (Слайд 8).
Many territories, water basins, lakes, rivers, seas, oceans and the atmosphere are polluted with all kinds of technological, agricultural, chemical, nuclear and other wastes. The intensive development of sciences, industry and chemistry in the 20th-21st century has made the pollution of our environment a global problem which should be solved by all means. “Modern technology owes ecology an apology” (Alan M. Eddison) (Слайды 9-10)
Pupil 3 : I’d like to add something. The ecology situation became very strained. In towns and cities there are many sources of environmental pollution. Because of economic difficulties the Ministry stinted on measures to protect the environment from industrial pollution, as a result half of water sources are polluted with communal and industrial waste.
Ведущий: What other problems would you like to be discussed?
Pupil 3 : People of the whole world must take urgent measures to protect the environment from further pollution of the land, water, air. The Earth is our Home. We must take care of it. The importance of this task is pointed out by the ecologists, scientists who study the relations between living things and their environment. Each of us must do everything possible to keep the land, air and water clean.
Ведущий: There is one else question: why is Russia cooperating on the field of environmental protection with other countries?
Pupil 4 : Environmental protection is a universal concern of all people and countries. That is why Russia is cooperating in the field of environmental protection with the United States, Canada, Norway, Finland and other countries. People must discuss different ecological problems and make correct conclusions. Only common efforts of all people of the world will help to stop further pollution of the Earth.
Ведущий: So, I want you to visit an imaginary Global Forum of teenagers from different countries. Let’s ask them to tell us about the situation in their countries and what they do to protect the nature.
(Представители разных стран рассказывают об экологической ситуации в их регионах).
Russia . The ecological situation in our country is different and dangerous. Aral and Chernobyl, the Baikal, the Black Sea and many other parts of our country are in ecological danger.
In 103 towns with population of about 50 million people the per cent of bad substances in air and in water is increased. It is rather dangerously to eat some kinds of food because of water, air and land pollution. Our Forum is taken place in Krasnodar region.
As you know, in Krasnodar the reconstruction of the botanical garden of Kuban state agrarian university was completed. As they reported to the correspondent IA regnum on 3 December in the press- service of the administration of Krasnodar edge, rekonstruirovannyy and discoveries for the visit of dendrariy, in the opinion of authorities, will from now on become one additional sights of the Kuban capital. Krasnodar botanical garden is placed to 37,5 hectares of the earth, here are counted about 1200 it is specific trees and bushes, more than 500 it is specific plants. Many of them - rare, disappearing, carried into the Red Book. Visitors can see unique trees and bushes from the different corners of light - the Crimea and Caucasus, Far East and North America, southeastern Asia and West Europe. (Cлайд 11)
We could see the film in which the representatives of this land have told you about ecological situation in our days.
The USA. In our country a lot of forests disappeared. It is necessary to plant new forests. It is necessary to keep balance all over the world. Our towns become bigger and at the same time our nature goes to ruin.
New-York is a big city, not far from it there is a nature reserve. They wanted to build big shops there. But there were many people who took part in the meeting protesting against it. They carried coffins with trees in them.
People are destroying the rainforests at a rate of 115 square miles a day. The trees are cut down and used as building material or fuel. The land on which these forests grow is being used for homes and factories and roads.
Franklin D Roosevelt, American president, said “A nation that destroys its soil destroys itself. Forests are the lungs of our land, purifying the air and giving fresh strength to our people. (Слайд 12)
Greenpeace is an organization in the USA. Their programme is a programme of defending the trees.
Ведущий: What questions do you want to ask to the representatives of Russia and the USA?
(Задают вопросы представителям США и России. Детям дано задание заранее продумать вопросы.)
Могут быть такие:
– Air pollution is a great problem. How do the members of Greenpeace fight for realization of their programme?
Answer: Well, there is a problem of air pollution in many cities such as in Los Angeles. But the members of Greenpeace planted more then 1000 trees and now they continue to plant different trees. It is their practical work.
– Do other people understand that it is important and necessary to plant more and more new trees?
Answer: Yes, of course, such as in Houston some trees were planted by a group of volunteers.
– What can teenagers do to save tropical rainforests?
Answer: There are lots of things we can do to help to protect the rainforests. Join an organization which tries to save the rainforests, like Greenpeace. Write letters to politicians in countries where there are rainforests, asking them to stop allowing companies to cut down the trees. Don’t buy furniture which is produced from rainforest wood.
By acting together, we can really make a difference.
India. Deforestation is a destruction of forests. Children of India try to know what the word «tree» means. For women trees are firewood, for children – a place where they may play, for traveler it’s a place where he can have a good rest, for every man – it is oxygen, breathing of life.
People of all continents can see sunrise and sunset. So we must understand: we all live in common house. It is our planet.
Great Britain. I’m a representative of the UK. People’s activity soils our environment. It is physical and chemical soil. We can’t solve this problem without fighting together. Many children in big cities have never heard birds’ singing; they have never seen stars in the sky. In the world of forests perish every year on the territory equal to Great Britain. All our life depends on forests.
There are more then 300 nature centers in Great Britain’s cities and more than 30 are in London. Children visit these centers with their teachers. They study and enjoy nature. In Britain there are a lot of environmental groups: “Friends of the Earth”, “Greenpeace”, “London Wildlife Trust”. British children learn a lot about the Earth at school. They have special environmental education. Even though they are children and they can’t do much to prevent pollution or energy waste, there are a lot of ways in which they can help to save the Earth. It’s a very good example for schoolchildren of all countries of our planet to follow.
Simply speaking, waste is anything thrown away or released into the environment. Unfortunately, a lot of waste can end up harming the environment. You can help protect the environment by learning about and practicing the 3 Rules: REDUCE, RECYCLE and REUSE!
People in England never drop litter in the street. If somebody sees you, you have to pay a fine. They sort their rubbish: there are special containers for paper, tins, food, white glass, brown glass and green glass. After that special factories recycle these materials and people reuse them. (Cлайды 13-14).
An English critic Cyril Connolly said “We create the world in which we live; if that world becomes unfit for human life, it is because we tire of our responsibility.”
– I heard that many people in your country get to work by public transport.
Answer: Yes, it’s so. A lot of people use public transport. They don’t go by car, because firstly, cars pollute the atmosphere and secondly, because it's very difficult and expensive to park a car in a big city. (Cлайд 15)
China. We know that the hole in azonic cover is increased. It is because of combustion of gas. The original atmosphere may have been similar to the composition of the solar nebula and close to the present composition of the Gas Giant planets, though this depends on the details of how the planets condensed from the solar nebula. That atmosphere was lost to space, and replaced by compounds out gassed from the crust or (in some more recent theories) much of the atmosphere may have come instead from the impacts of comets and other planetesimals rich in volatile materials.
The oxygen so characteristic of our atmosphere was almost all produced by plants (cyanobacteria or, more colloquially, blue-green algae). Thus, the present composition of the atmosphere is 79% nitrogen, 20% oxygen, and 1% other gases. (Cлайд 16).
It is necessary to use alternative sources of energy. In China people use sun energy. In villages near Peking people built houses with sun heating. It prevents our environment from soil. The temperature in houses is higher than outside. Using of coal is cutting down. Outside the houses are covered with dark colour which swallows up sun energy. Villagers say that it’s always clean and neatly there.
Chad. In our state sun energy is used also but for communication. People don’t try to use machines for growing plants. But they have no many sources for it.
Australia (Sydney). People can not be passive observers. They must try to do future life better. In Sydney water pollution is a great problem. This problem was discussed in OON. The people of Sydney support the idea of ban of cabining of some kind of fish. Sydney gives new ecologically clean model of the development of life. The nations of Kippy, the aboriginal inhabitants of Australia, live far from civilization of Australia. Modern technology can solve their problems but local people refuse to use it, they use only radio.
Ведущий 2 : In 1980 the leader of one of Indian tribes had a speech at the Forum in Oxford. “Flowers are our sisters, dears are our brothers. What has happened with animals will have happened with people.” He protested against buying of Indian lands by Americans.
People of all countries protest against pollution. In Hungary building of a large dam was stopped. In Japan it was forbid to kill elephants. People try to save tropical forests. In Norway there are some ecological programmes. The members of ecological societies may be elected for work into government. Ecology is taught in schools in many countries.
Nicaragua. In our country an ecologically harmless agricultural approach to the guarding of nature. Everybody must have equal access to nature, to natural resources and be equal and responsible for its safety. Out aim is to refuse from poison substances in order to prevent water, air and land pollution.
Japan: Water pollution seems to be one of the problems. We know that it’s a great problem not only in our country. A hundred years ago you could catch eatable fish in rivers like the Thames and the Clyde (Great Britain). Now factories and homes put waste materials which are poisons into these rivers. Large cities on the Great lakes of the North America let different wastes flow into the water. These wastes brought down by the rivers are speeding up the process by which a lake becomes useless for shipping.
The Garra, River in Australia, was once such a pretty place to sit beside in a hot summer day. But that’s all changed now. Factories have appeared on each side of the river and people can find endless tins and papers in it.
Russia: You can see the same in Russian waters such as the Volga, the Aral, the Cuban, the Baikal and others. Rivers flow into seas and oceans. So waters, surrounded our country, are polluted. Nothing can live or grow in such polluted waters.
Ведущий: The first Global Forum was held in Oxford in April 1980. The situation was strength at that time because of rising of nuclear weapons and armament’s race.
The second Global Forum was held in Moscow at the beginning of 1990. The bridge was opened for new information, new ideas.
Mother Teresa said at that Forum that faith brings happiness to people. Where there is respect and love we can find unity. Not only people but our nature is needed in compassion and love.
Ведущий: The president of the International Fond of Global Forum Robby Romeo, a singer from Indian tribe, called all countries to listen to the man, who take care of our planet. He was against destruction of forests which give them food.
The representatives of many countries called upon all the mankind to save our planet, to liberate people from the slavery of machines. The message of Moscow Forum was the message of hope. It was an unusual meeting of famous people.
Great Britain (Oxford): Our possibilities are boundless. But there is hunger, death in the world. We must save our mankind. There are many organizations fighting for life on the planet. One of them is in Great Britain. Such famous men as Paul McCartney and Pink Floyd created a musical film «Mother – our Planet». Mother – Land (показывает плакат). It treats to all mankind to make it green again. It needs in hundreds years for cleaning water, air and land, for its revival. It has no time. We must hurry.
Ведущий: We know that in our days many parts of the land are crowded, people live in big cities and much of our waste especially waste from factories and electric power stations, chromical industry and heavy industry are very dangerous. Fish dies in lakes, rivers and seas, forest trees die too. Much of these dangerous wastes go into the air and are carried by winds for great distances.
The Earth is our home. We must take care of it. How can we keep our environment clean?
(Просмотр видеозаписи об экологии в станице.)
Ведущий: What can we do to keep our environment clean?
- Don’t buy drinks in plastic bottles. These bottles can’t be recycled and plastic won’t even degrade if you throw this bottle, it will litter the Earth forever. Only buy water and other drinks in aluminum cans or glass bottles. Buy milk and juice in cartoons. Glass, aluminum and cartoon can be recycled.
- The energy saved from one recycled aluminum can will operate a television set for three hours. If you throw an aluminum can out of the train window, it will still litter the Earth up to 500 years later. If you throw the glass bottle you litter the Earth forever.
- Save water. If there is the leaky toilet or tap in your house, get someone of the day, when the sun is not, most of water evaporates before it gets to roots. It is better to water the garden in the coolest part of the day. The best time to water is early in the morning before the sun gets hot.
- The electric power stations burn coal to produce the energy off gasses that – acid rain. So, save the room. Turn off the TV or the stereo when you are not watching or listening. (Cлайд 17)
- Don’t cut wild flowers. In England since the Second World War 22 wild flower species have disappeared forever? 317 are standing on the brink. And in conclusion all of us should always remember the wise advice of a great English writer John Galsworthy who said: “If you don’t think about the future you will not have it“. (Cлайд 18)
Teacher: Dear boys and girls, now you know how dangerous the ecological situation on our Earth is. You are future engineers, scientists, railway workers, teachers, ecologists. You will continue addressing the ecological environmental problems which concern everyone. The positive results depend on serious attention of the people of the whole world to this problem. You will work out new projects, new slogans. You will be active members of the movement for the protection of the environment from further pollution.
After the discussion of the ecological problems I want you to sing a song which sounds as a call to the peoples of the whole world to save the Earth.
Please, sing a song.
Учащиеся хором поют песню «Kids for saving Earth Promise Song».
The Earth is my home.
I promise to keep it healthy and beautiful.
I will love the land, the air, the water and all living creatures.
I will be save the Earth.
United with friends, I promise to keep it,
United with friends, I will love the land,
United with friends, I’ll be a defender,
I will save the Earth.
I will save the Earth.
Во время исполнения песни на экране демонстрируются разнообразные виды природы. (Cлайды 19-24)