Проблемный урок в мире проблем

Цель урока: развитие коммуникативной компетенции.

Задачи урока:

1. Образовательные:

• Развивать умения ознакомительного чтения и аудирования.
• Развивать умения обсуждения проблемы в группе с элементами аргументации по теме.

2. Воспитательные:

• Воспитывать нравственные качества.
• Воспитывать уважительное отношение к семье.
• Воспитывать активную творческую личность учащихся, умеющих видеть, ставить и разрешать нестандартные проблемы.

3. Развивающие:

• Развивать творческий, проблемный стиль мышления.
• Развивать самостоятельность.
• Развивать речь, память.
• Развивать интерес к предмету.
• Развивать навыки совместной работы.

Оснащение:

• Распечатанные тексты для чтения.
• Запись стихотворения для аудирования.

Вступительное слово учителя:

Why is nothing ever easy?
Why are some boys so very sleazy?
Why can’t I have that brand new dress?
Why am I under so much stress?
Why don’t my parents ever believe me?
Why can’t they ever see …
Why do I feel so often unhappy?
Why do they always wish I was still in a nappy?
Why does my face feel like a block of lard?
Why are all these years really hard?
There’s a reason for all these problems and tears.
I’m going through my teenage years!
(A teenager Scarborough, from the Just 17 magazine.)

Many people ask questions about conflicts. They want to know why conflicts happen in a family. Conflict is a natural thing in our life. Conflicts happen because people are different: they want different things, they have different ideas and their values are different. Very often people have conflicts because they do not listen to each other well. They think about what they want to say and don't really hear what the other person is saying.

We’ll speak about it today.

We’ll have a seminar, which is to prepare us to work as members of a conflict resolution center at the next lesson (your home task will also be to prepare for it). There will be three groups of guests: a group of psychologists, a group of teachers and a group of parents (учащиеся делятся на группы, в группах выбираются спикеры). We also have three experts: a professor of psychology, a parent who has 5 children, and a family therapist (более подготовленные учащиеся). They will be our consultants.

We are to discuss 4 questions today:

• What is a conflict?
• Why do people have conflicts in their families?
• How can family conflicts be resolved?
• What are the ways of preventing family conflicts?

But before we start the work of our seminar let’s choose the motto for it. Work in the groups. Choose the best variant to your mind and comment upon it. Here is the list of possible variants:

• Plant kindness and love will grow.
• It is easy to leave angry words unspoken than to mend a heart those words have broken.
• We can do not great things, only small things with great love.
• When angry, count to ten before you speak; when very angry, count to a hundred.
• A man knows what is good but often does the things which are bad. (Socrates)
• Bad peace is better than a good quarrel.
• None so deaf as those that won’t hear.
• Wash your dirty linen at home.

Если 3 группы выбрали разные варианты, необходимо обратиться к экспертам за помощью (они выступают в роли консультантов).

Now let’s discuss our first question – what is a conflict? (Ученики фронтально дают ответы).

Let’s ask our experts. (Зачитывается определение из толкового английского словаря A S Hornby: a conflict is a serious disagreement; an argument; a serious difference of opinions, wishes; a fight, a struggle).

So what can people disagree in their families about?

What are the usual reasons of family conflicts? Try to find them out.

Организация деятельности учащихся в группах. Эксперты работают отдельно: составляют список возможных причин внутрисемейных конфликтов.

1 группа - группа психологов (читает текст №1). Задание: read the text and answer the question:

What causes of family conflicts can there be?

One of the worst things about my house is the lack of privacy. If I disappear into my room for some peace, it's guaranteed that someone will come after me, wanting to know what I am up to. The thing is because I share a room with my little sister; I can't just shut the door, and keep everyone out. She's always complaining that it's her room, too. Even worse, it means nothing is safe. I guess she goes through all my stuff, mucks about with my toiletries, and eats the sweets I keep in my room. If I want to keep anything secret, I have to use a lock and key on my cupboard.

I don't know who I dislike more, my older brother, who's sixteen, or my younger one, who's eleven. My older brother is a total creep. He pushes me around a lot and is always making nasty little comments about me. I hate being in the house alone with him. My little brother is just a geek. He asks me embarrassing questions about boys and stuff, and always shows me up in front of my mates. If I'm on the phone to one of my friends, he picks up the extension and listens in.

Although I'm nearly fifteen, my mum and dad treat me like a baby. They don't let me out at night during the week and if I want to go to a friend's house at the weekend, they phone up her parents first and arrange what time I've to be home by. Dad always asks me about boys, warning me that I'm not allowed to go out on a real date till I'm at least fifteen — what a joke! He keeps nagging me about homework and studying, and he doesn't believe me when I say I don't have any to do. He just thinks I'm being lazy when I sit watching the tally at night.

The other thing that bugs me is that I'm treated like an unpaid slave in the house. I have to do the dishes, help with the ironing... I wouldn't object to this if everyone in the house did their fair share, but my brothers only keep their room clean, and my sister just acts like a baby and does nothing. Mum tells me that she needs the help and I'm the best at doing housework, but that's because I'm the only one who does it!

I'm going to leave home as soon as I'm old enough. It'd be great if I could get a job and a flat when I leave school, but that's not very likely, so I'm going to apply to a college that's across the other side of the country. I wish I just had one tiny room of my own. My mates always say that I'll miss my family once I leave, but I doubt that!

(The answer: lack of privacy; bad relationships with sisters or brothers; going out at night and coming back in time; homework; house duties).

2 группа - группа учителей читает текст №2. Задание: read 3 dialogues and answer the question:

What causes of family conflicts can there be?

1. - You don't even carry your dirty plates to the sink. When you take something out of the refrigerator, you always leave it on the table. You don't understand how much needs to be done about the house —the shopping, the cooking, the cleaning... And what do you do? Telephone chats, hours in front of the TV, video games. You only do what you please.

- It isn't fair. I do what I can, but I have so little free time because of school music lessons and what not. And we are young. We want to have some fun.

- Don't you think that I want to have some fun, too?

2. - Ann, look at the dress I've bought. Tonight is our class reunion and I am going to wear it. Don't you think the dress looks great? You know, I am so excited. We haven't met for more than twenty years, and I do want to look nice.

- Mum, you look terrible! Where did you buy that awful thing? It's so conservative. Can't you see how old you look in it?

- Do you expect me to buy things like you are wearing?! Jeans with holes in them? When I was your age, I never wore things with holes in them.

3. - You promised to give me a mobile phone for my birthday, didn't you? And you are always putting it off. Everybody in my class has one except me. Aren't I good enough?

- Of course you're good enough. And I did promise to give you a mobile phone, but you know what's happened. We just can't afford it because of your brother's illness. I had to use almost all of our money for the medicine. Without that money, he won't get over his illness. Son, can't you forget about yourself? After all, a mobile phone is something you could do without — at least for some time. (The answer: house duties; clothes; buying things children want).

3 группа - группа родителей читает текст №3. Задание: read the dialogue and answer the question. What causes of family conflicts can there be?

Helen: Hello, Emma, bad news I'm afraid. My mum found out that I failed my maths test.

She said that I have got to stay in for a whole week.

Emma: For a whole week! What about going to the cinema tonight?

Helen: That's out. I'm sorry, Emma. I have got to catch up on all of my maths homework and then my mum is going to test me at the end of the week. If I get all of her questions right, then I'll be allowed out — but not on school nights.

Emma: But it's Sarah's birthday on Tuesday and she is expecting you at her party!

Helen: I will see Sarah at school on Monday and explain everything. She will understand.

Emma: That's so bad. It was only because of that essay for English that you didn't do your maths.

Helen: I know, but you try telling that to my mum. She said that there were no excuses and that I have got to study hard now to achieve success in the future.

Emma: Your mum is a tough one. She really makes you work hard. So I suppose I won't see you until Monday at school then?

Helen: That's right. But please phone me — I'll be so bored at home.

Emma: OK, I will. You get studying now!

(The answer: bad marks at school; homework). Ответы записываются на доске.

Let’s ask the experts whether they can add any reasons to our list. (Possible answers:

• Parents want their children to obey them.
• Children ignore their parents.
• Parents don't approve of their children's friends.
• Some family members don't have the same rights as other members of the family.
• Children are dependent on their parents.
• Children suffer unfair punishments.
• Children / Parents make a fuss about silly things.
• Children / Parents shout at their parents / children.
• Children / Parents don't observe the laws of co-existence.
• Children / Parents make fun of their parents / children.
• Children / Parents have too many responsibilities at home.
• Children / Parents have nobody to rely on.
• Children / Parents have nobody to talk to.
• Parents want there children to follow a healthy diet.
• Music; make-up; pocket money; parties; smoking; future education etc.)

Now when we have stated the problems, let’s try to find the solution to them.

How can family conflicts be resolved?

Мозговой штурм:

Первый этап (создание банка идей): in groups brainstorm your ideas on the question (6 минут).

• Talk
• Take things into your own hands
• Be calm, confident and relaxed
• Tell what makes you unhappy
• Do not use words that can hurt people
• Ask someone who is older for help

Основное правило на первом этапе – никакой критики!

В группе выбирается секретарь, который фиксирует идеи.

Второй этап (анализ идей): analyze the ideas.

Основное правило – в каждой идее желательно найти что-то полезное.

Третий этап (обработка результатов): Try to make up a plan how to resolve a conflict. Announce your plans to the class.

Обсуждение: эксперты выбирают оптимальный план.

Example:

• Decide what the problem is.
• Let everyone suggest an idea about how to solve the problem.
• Together discuss what will happen with each idea.
• Choose the best idea.
• Put the idea into action.

Ролевая игра. A Family Therapy Session.

Let’s try to use our plan of conflict resolution. Divide into 5 groups. We have family therapists, mothers, fathers, daughters and younger brothers. Here are the cards for you.

1 этап: групповая подготовка (“daughters”, “therapists” etc.)

2 этап: формируются новые группы (по одному представителю от “daughters”, “therapists” etc.), которые обмениваются мнениями, следуя плану разрешения конфликтов.

3 этап: краткое заключение семейного терапевта.

Now listen to the poem and say, how the author of it prevented a conflict.

The Quarrel.

I quarreled with my brother,
I don't know what about,
One thing led to another
And somehow we fell out.
The start of it was slight,
The end of it was strong,
He said he was right,
I knew he was wrong!
We hated one another.
The afternoon turned black,
Then suddenly my brother
Thumped me on the back,
And said, "Oh, come along!
We can't go on all night —
I was in the wrong."
So he was in the right.

Think of some gesture with the help of which one can prevent a conflict.

Подведение итогов.

1. Характеристика учителем деятельности участников и ее результатов.

2. Рефлексия учащихся – “кольцо Сатурна”.

Участники делятся на 2 группы: в центре (“психологи” и “эксперты”) и вокруг (“учителя” и “родители”). В центре ставится на 1 стул больше, чем участников. Во внешнем круге учащиеся описывают впечатления от происходившего на семинаре, оценивают себя, анализируют свои действия. Во внутреннем круге идет устное обсуждение, а затем один представитель высказывает общее мнение. Если у кого-то из внешнего круга возникнет желание что-то высказать, он может занять свободный стул во внутреннем круге.

Домашнее задание:

• подготовиться к работе в центре разрешения конфликтов:
• вспомнить и описать любую конфликтную ситуацию из жизни, книги, фильма;
• обратиться в редакцию журнала с письмом о своей проблеме;
• найти рекомендации психолога в конкретной ситуации и предложить своё разрешение конфликта.

Заключительное слово.

Conflicts may lead to fights, bad relations and violence. If conflicts happen between parties or states, they can lead to war. That is why people should try to prevent conflicts.

But it is impossible to prevent all conflicts. Every day you are in contact with people whose values are different from yours. And you have the right to disagree with their values. But you should understand that other people also have the right to be different from you. You must respect the right of other people to have ideas that differ from your ideas. People who respect each other's ideas can resolve conflicts in a peaceful way. If people resolve conflicts peacefully, they will have better relations in the future.

Приложение