Урок-презентация "Space Exploration"

Урок разработан для 8-9 классов специализированных английских школ, использующих учебник О.В.Афанасьевой “Английский язык 8 класс”. Одной из тем, которую изучают учащиеся, является “The World of Science and Technology”, где обсуждается развитие науки и техники, и конечно же, компьютеры в нашей жизни (наиболее любимый раздел для современных школьников). В завершении темы идет разговор о наиболее значимом достижении современности – об исследовании космоса. И здесь всплывают некоторые пробелы в знаниях учащихся в освоениях космоса. Данный урок предоставляет основные сведения, которые должны знать ученики об исследовании космоса, помогает закрепить полученные знания и уметь рассуждать на эту тему на английском языке. Использование компьютерной программы Power Point помогает сделать урок более красочным и интересным, является хорошей мотивацией к изучению данной темы.

ЦЕЛЬ: Формирование навыков устной речи по теме “SPACE EXPLORATION”

Воспитательный аспект: Привить интерес к достижениям современной науки в освоении космоса, в особенности отечественной космонавтики

Развивающий аспект: Развитие познавательного интереса, развитие способностей к догадке, логическому изложению, способность работать с различными видами упражнений.

Учебный аспект: Контроль основных навыков и умений речевой деятельности, владение лексическим материалом.

Задачи урока:

1. активизировать лексику по теме
2. развить познавательный интерес к теме
3. провести практику речевой деятельности
4. уместно использовать современные информационные технологии на уроке (Презентация)

Оснащение урока:

1) проектор, экран, ноутбук

2) раздаточный материал

3) презентация в Power Point

LESSON “SPACE EXPLORATION”

Before you start:

What do you know about space?

Can we say that space exploration is the main part of science?

I. Vocabulary:

1. Read and guess what it means:

1.to find something: new place, fact, substance

1. to make, design, or think of new type of thing
2. the act of traveling through a place in order to find out about it
3. something that you notice when watching something or someone
4. unimportant new discovery in something you are studying especially one made after trying for a long time
5. the societies in the world considered as a whole
6. new machines, equipment, and ways of doing things that are based on modern knowledge about science and computers
7. to try using various ideas, methods to find out how good or effective they are
8. to make something continue in the same way or at the same standard as before
9. the tools, machines, clothes that you need to do a particular job or activity

Key: 1) discovery, 2) invention, 3) exploration, 4) observation, 5) breakthrough, 6) civilisation, 7) technology, 8) experiment, 9) maintain, 10) equipment.

2. Match the combinations of words:

satellite shuttle fuel spacesuit aircraft vehicle space weightless environment device probe manned spaceship essential problems interplanetary flight zero gravity

топливо транспортное средство условия невесомости зонд основные проблемы спутник космический корабль с человеком на борту отсутствие гравитации самолет, летательный аппарат скафандр космос межпланетный полет корабль многоразового использования средство, приспособление

Key: 1- f, 2- m, 3- a, 4- j, 5- i, 6- b, 7- k, 8- c, 9- n , 10- d, 11- g, 12- e, 13- l, 14- h.

II. Listening:

1. Listen to the short articles and try to learn information:

1) Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky – the founder of astronautics in Russia, put forward several ideas about space travel. Tsiolkovsky’s idea of spaceship was based on the use of liquid fuels. His calculations were used in modern theory of cosmonautics and practical space travel.

2) Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov- is a famous scientist and founder of practical cosmonautics. He was the chief constructor of the first Earth sputniks and spaceships. Then followed rockets to the Moon, Mars, Venus.

3) The space age began on October 4, 1957. On that day, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to circle the earth. Its capsule weighing 83.6 kilograms went into Earth orbit carrying a radio transmitter whose “bleeps” (pips) were received on the ground.

4) Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin, a Soviet air force pilot, was the first human to travel in space. The Soviet cosmonaut circled the earth on April 12, 1961. From blastoff to landing, his trip around the earth lasted 1hour and 48 minutes. The news about space flight of the Soviet cosmonaut immediately flew over the world.

5) Valentina Tershkova was the first woman-cosmonaut in the world. From June 16 until June 19, during a group flight with V.Bykovky, the spaceship “Vostok-6” piloted by Tereshkova made in 70 hours and 41 minutes 48 circuits around the earth, covering a distance of about 2 million kilometers.

When she was in space, she was there together with her “space-brother” Valery Bykovsky.

This was another great achievement – launching two spaceships at the same time.

6) In 1965 the cosmonaut Alexei Leonov went outside wearing a space suit connected to the capsule by a line which also carried his oxygen supply, becoming the first person to “walk” in space. From the first experiments scientists went over to systematic exploration of space.

7) The gravity of Earth continually pulls on our bodies to give us weight. But if you are in a lift that is speeding downwards, you feel lighter. This effect is exaggerated in a spacecraft: as it is falling in a gravitational field, the astronauts inside it are falling at the same rate and become weightless.

2. Say true or false:

1. Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky – the founder of astronautics in Great Britaina, put forward several ideas about space travel.
2. Sergei Pavlovich Korolyov was the chief constructor of the first telephone.
3. On October 4, 1967 the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to circle the earth.
4. Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin, a Soviet air force pilot, was the first human to travel to Mars.
5. Valentina Tershkova was the first woman-cosmonaut in the world.
6. Alexei Leonov went outside wearing a space suit connected to the capsule by a line which also carried his oxygen supply, becoming the first person to “walk” in space.

Key: 1- false, 2- false, 3- false, 4- false, 5- true, 6- true.

3. Answer the questions:

1. Why is Tsiolkovsky considered to be the founder of astronautics?
2. What did he work out?
3. Who was S.P.Korolyov?
4. What did he made?
5. How long did his space travel last?
6. What did Gagarin’s flight into space mean?
7. What is V.Tereshkova famous for?
8. What distance did she cover?
9. What great achievement did they demonstrate?
10. Who the first worked in outer space?
11. Haw you can understand “ zero gravity”?

III. Reading:

1. Read the text and try to get the most interesting facts for you:

SPACE EXPLORATION

Space travel is humanity’s greatest adventure – the chance to explore the moon, the planets, and the stars. The space age began on October 4, 1957. On that day, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to circle the earth. The first manned space flight was made on April 12, 1961, when a Soviet cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, orbited the earth in a spaceship. During the years that followed this first space expedition, many flights carried people into space.

Human beings first set foot on the moon on July 20, 1969. U.S. astronaut Neil A.Amstrong stepped out of the Apollo 11 lunar module, “Eagle”. For about two hours he and Edwin E.Aldrin explored near the module and set up experiments. During the years since the space age began, many uses for space travel have been discovered. The space age developed a huge industry called the aerospace industry to design and build space equipment. A new field of medicine called space medicine came into being to study the problems of living and working in space. Weather forecasts receive warning of storms with pictures taken by weather satellites. Telephone calls and television pictures are sent around the world by communications satellites. Signals from navigation satellites enable ship navigations and search and rescue forces to determine their positions with great accuracy. Scientific satellites and space probes discovered the Van Allen radiations belt around the earth and made many other discoveries. Earth survey satellites, used for detecting mineral deposits, diseased crops, sources of pollution, and map-making; military satellites, used mainly for reconnaissance and intelligence gathering; and astronomical satellites, which are observatories in space, orbiting above the blanketing layer of the Earth’s atmosphere. During the early years of the space age, success in space became a measure of a country’s leadership in science, engineering, and national defense. As a result, the Soviet Union and the United States competed with one another in developing their space programmers. But both nations began to realize that they could benefit from working together. In 1975, the S.U. and U.S. cooperated in their first joint space mission “Soyuz-Apollo”. The principal area of cooperation between U.S. and Soviet space programmers has been in space medicine.

People have always wanted to explore the unknown. Mankind always dreamed of overcoming gravitation and reaching other planets. Among the achievements we may enumerate the landing of automatic stations on the Moon, the flights of space laboratories towards the Venus and Mars. During the years that followed this first space expedition, many flights carried people into space. There are manned and unmanned spacecraft (carry instruments and radio equipment)A reusable manned spacecraft is called a shuttle. The first astronauts were sent into space in small capsules that sat on top of rockets. These missions were expensive as the rockets could only be used once. The main parts of the Shuttle – the orbiter spacecraft, and the rocket boosters – are reusable. The orbiter returns to Earth like a plane, and can be used over and over again. The first space station, Salyut 1, was launched in 1971, and was visited by the Soyuz for 23 days.
By 1983 six more Salyut craft had been launched and cosmonauts were staying longer and longer in orbit. In 1983 and 1985 large Cosmos unmanned craft were automatically docked with Salyut 7, making it into a large space station. From the space station a detachable descent module could carry materials and experiments back to Earth.
In 1986 the Soviets launched “Mir”, the central module of a new space station far more complex than Salyut. As with Salyut, Mir was designed to receive both manned Soyuz craft and unmanned Progress cargo craft.

2. Answer the questions:

1. Why is the travel humanity’s greatest adventure?
2. When did the space age begin?
3. What country launched the first artificial satellite to circle the earth?
4. When was the first manned space flight made?
5. When did human beings first set foot on the moon?
6. What industry did the space age develop?
7. In what way are satellites used today?
8. How do nations do scientists hope to answer with the help of space exploration?
9. What kinds of spacecraft do you know?
10. Is shuttle a reusable vehicle?
11. Can cosmonauts live and work a long period in orbit of space station?

3. Complete the sentences using the verbs from the table:

competed, enable, developed, explored, orbited, was based, launched, receive, are transported, benefit

1. On that day, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ______Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to circle the earth.
2. But both nations began to realize that they could _____ from working together.
3. As a result, the Soviet Union and the United States______ with one another in developing their space programmers.
4. Weather forecasts ______ warning of storms with pictures taken by weather satellites.
5. Signals from navigation satellites_____ ship navigations and search and rescue forces to determine their positions with great accuracy.
6. The space age ______ a huge industry called the aerospace industry to design and build space equipment.
7. For about two hours Armsrong and Aldrin______ near the module and set up experiments.
8. Today, American astronauts ______ into space by the Space Shuttle.
9. The first manned space flight was made on April 12, 1961, when a Soviet cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, ______ the earth in a spaceship.
10. Tsiolkovsky’s idea of spaceship_____ on the use of liquid fuels.

Key: 1- launched, 2 - benefit, 3 - competed, 4 - receive, 5 - enable, 6 - developed, 7 - explored, 8 - are transported, 9 - orbited, 10- was based.

4. Express the same in English:

1. Космическая эра началась с запуска первого спутника Земли.
2. Американские астронавты исследовали Луну и проводили эксперименты.
3. Спутники позволяют получать нужную для человека информацию.
4. Среди достижений последних лет можно отметить запуски зондов на другие планеты.
5. Современные космонавты месяцами живут на космических станциях и регулярно выходят в открытый космос.

IV. PRACTICE

1. Put the sentences in a chronological correct order:

1. The S.U. and U.S. cooperated in their first joint space mission “Soyuz-Apollo”.
2. U.S. astronaut Neil A.Amstrong stepped out of the Apollo 11 lunar module, “Eagle”.
3. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics launched Sputnik 1, the first artificial satellite to circle the earth
4. A Soviet cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin, orbited the earth in a spaceship.
5. Valentina Tereshkova was the first woman-cosmonaut to make a space flight.
6. A.Leonov achieved the first “space walk”
7. The probe was sent for exploring the Mars
8. Tsiolkovsky put forward several ideas about space travel
9. The first space station was built
10. The Russians actually hit the Moon with Luna 2, and Luna 3 flew round the Moon and sent back the first photographs of the far side.

Key: 1- 8, 2- 3, 3- 4, 4- 5, 5- 6, 6- 2, 7- 10, 8- 1, 9- 9, 10- 7.

2. Correct the mistakes:

1. Man begin to think of space travel in the second century A.D.
2. The famous Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei looked at his telescope and told people about the other worlds which he had seen.
3. The German astronomer Kepler gave a detailed description of a Moon.
4. The first man whom wrote about a rocket as a spaceship was the Frenchman Cyrano de Bergerac.
5. The French novelist Jules Verne wrote the story “From the Earth to the Moon”, in which he try show the scientific principles of space travel.
6. H.Wells the English author wrote “The First Men on the Moon” about a new era in the development of air travel and conquering outer spaces.

Key:

1. Man began to think of space travel in the second century A.D.
2. The famous Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei looked through his telescope and told people about the other worlds which he had seen.
3. The German astronomer Kepler gave a detailed description of the Moon.
4. The first man who wrote about a rocket as a spaceship was the Frenchman Cyrano de Bergerac.
5. The French novelist Jules Verne wrote the story “From the Earth to the Moon”, in which he tried to show the scientific principles of space travel.
6. H.Wells the English author wrote “The First Men on the Moon” about a new era in the development of air travel and conquering outer space.

3. Complete these sentences using the Subjunctive Mood and add your own sentences, combinations of words can help you:

1. to produce new materials in zero gravity
2. to live and work in orbital space cities
3. try to survive in critical situations
4. to explore outer space and other stars
5. to make interplanetary flights to Mars

For example:

If I were a cosmonaut…

If I lived on another planet…

If could fly to the stars…

If I worked in orbital space station…

If I landed on unknown planet…

V. Speaking

1. Discuss and make a dialog :

1. What information about space exploration was the most exciting for you?
2. Would you like to be a cosmonaut? Why or why not?

2. Work in groups.

Take turns to ask and answer questions about our Russian space exploration.

What questions would you want to ask if you interviewed a cosmonaut?

Make the conclusion.

VI. Home work:

Imagine the lifestyle on Mars or another planet and write the article about you impressions.

If you are interested in space and space exploration, you may look also:

http://www.nasa.gov National Aeronautics and Space Administration

http://www.esa.int - European Space Agency

http://www.federalspace.ru/ Russian Space Agency

http://space.skyrocket.de/

http://www.planet4589.org/space/

http://www.spacefacts.de

http://www.space.com

http://spaceflight.nasa.gov

http://www.spacelist.org

http://www.russianspaceweb.com/

_________________________

Вся информация сопровождается слайдами (включая пункты I. 1, 2 ; II. 1,3; III 3; IV. 1) из Power Point “Space exploration” Приложение 1

Раздаточный материал:

III. 1, 4

IV. 2, 3