Тип урока: Урок-беседа
Оборудование:
- учебник,
- магнитофон,
- словари,
- наглядные пособия: карта Великобритании, флаги и символы Великобритании, кассеты с музыкой Англии, Шотландии, Северной Ирландии и Уэльс,
- наглядные пособия Короля Генри 4, его жен, королевской короны и т.п. А так же костюмирование “гостей”, прибывших из Великобритании,
- цветок (разборный) ромашки с 5-ю лепестками,
- магнитная доска, зонтик,
- наглядные пособия, где изображено Лохнесское Чудовище, два гнома, картинка шотландской собаки, английского бульдога, овсяной каши, John Bull,
- макет черного ворона.
Цели:
- Обеспечить в ходе урока усвоение студентами темы “Страна изучаемого языка - Великобритания”.
- Продолжить развитие у студентов навыков чтения, произношения, устной речи, перевода и письма.
- Развить интерес к истории, традициям и нравам страны изучаемого языка.
- Развить стремление к изучению иностранного языка.
Ход урока
1. Организационный момент, рапорт дежурного (2 мин.)
Teacher: Good afternoon! Sit down, please! What date is it today?
Student: Today is …
Teacher: Who is absent today?
Student: Nobody is absent today. All students are present. All students are at the lesson.
Teacher: OK. Fine. Sit down, please.
2. Фонетическая зарядка:
Teacher: Look at the blackboard! There are some proverbs on it:
На доске заранее подготовлено:
So many countries, so many customs.
There is no place like home.
East or West, home is best.
Преподаватель читает, и студенты хором повторяют за ним.
Teacher: Translate me, please!
Преподаватель называет пословицу, студенты переводят.
3. Постановка темы урока:
Teacher: Существует много теорий и версий о возникновении разных языков в нашем мире. Но мне нравится легенда, которая рассказывает о том, что раньше люди разговаривали на одном языке. Все понимали друг друга. И однажды, они решили построить башню, чтобы дотянуться до Бога и посмотреть какой Он, на каком языке разговариет Бог. Началось строительство башни, которое продолжалось несколько лет, и когда казалось бы осталось совсем чуть-чуть, рукой достать до Бога, он решил их наказать и усмирить их гордыню – он разделил людей на языки. На следующий день строительство башни прекратилось. Произошел хаос, люди перестали понимать друг друга. Каменщики не понимали тех, кто носил цемент, плотники не понимали тех, кто носил бревна и т.д. С тех пор, чтобы общаться с людьми из других стран мы вынуждены не только знать лексику, грамматику страны изучаемого языка, но и нравы, традиции и обычаи. И тема сегодняшнего урока - “Страна изучаемого языка – Великобритания - Great Britain.”
Teacher: Who can tell me – “What language do we learn?”
Student: We learn English.
Преподаватель прикалывает к магнитной доске желтый кружок от ромашки, где написано The English Language.
Teacher: How many letters are there in the English ABC?
Student: There are 26 letters in the English ABC.
Teacher (прикрепляет первый лепесток, где написано: There are 26 letters ): Yes, you are right.
Teacher: How many sounds are there in the English ABC?
Student: There are 44 sounds in the English ABC.
Teacher: (прикрепляет второй лепесток, где написано There are 46 sounds in the English ABC) : Yes. You are right.
Teacher: How many consonants are there?
Student: There are 24 consonants.
Teacher (прикрепляет третий лепесток, где написано: There are 24 consonants) : Yes. You are right.
Teacher: How many vowels are there?
Student: There are 20 vowels.
Teacher (прикрепляет четвертый лепесток, где написано: There are 20 vowels): Yes. You are right.
Teacher: What letter is often used?
Если студенты знают, то отвечают.
Teacher (прикрепляет пятый лепесток, где написано): The letter “I” is often used.
3. Контроль домашнего задания. Работа над текстом “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”.
Teacher: Your hometask was the text. It is cold “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”. The text isn’t difficult, but there are some difficult words. You had to read and translate the text at home. And now you have to listen to the text twice. At first I read and you notice all difficult words!
Первый раз читает преподаватель.
Teacher: Now listen to the tape-recorder! I have some questions to you…
Студенты слушают магнитофон, если есть возможность, то запись должна быть сделана носителем страны изучаемого языка.
Teacher: Who read this text? Is it anybody from England? Is it anybody from America? Is it anybody from Russia? Your opinions….
Студенты высказывают свое мнение.
Teacher: OK. Let’s start to work! The first part of the text will read..
Student: Great Britain is situated to the northwest of Europe on the British Isles. It is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and northern Islands. The official name of the country is the United Kingdom. Great Britain is separated from the continent by English Channel and is connected with countries by sea.
Teacher: Translate me, please!
Студент читает и переводит первую часть текста.
Teacher (работая с картой у доски): You know now that Great Britain is situated to the north-west of Europe on British Isles. It is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.
Стук в дверь и на пороге класса появляются 4-е студента, в руках держат флаг Великобритании, в костюмах королевства, студент из Англии держит макет черного ворона.
Students: May we come in?
Teacher: Oh, of course you may. We have some gusts (обращаясь к студентам в классе). Where are you from?
Students: We are from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Teacher: Nice to meet you!
Students: Nice to meet you!
Teacher: Look at our guests. They have the British flag. Who can tell me, what does the flag mean? Why is it so important for Englishmen?
Если студенты могут, то отвечают на вопросы преподавателя.
Teacher: The flag is called “The union Jack”. The upright Red Cross is the cross of St.George. He is the Patron Saint of England.
The white diagonal cross is the cross of St. Andrew. He is the Patron Saint of Scotland.
The red diagonal cross is the cross of St. Patrick. He is the Patron Saint of Ireland.
St. David is the Patron Saint of Wales.
Teacher: Why is the flag so important for Englishmen? Because if the flag is up, the queen, or the king, is at home. If the flag is down, the queen, or the king isn’t at home.
But every part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain has its own symbol and flag, too.
1-st guest: Yes, you are right. The different parts of Britain have their own emblems. They are all plants. I am from England. In the 15-th century there was a series of wars in England, which were called The Wars of the Roses. They were between the Dukes of Lancaster and the Dukes of York over who should be King. The emblem of Lancaster was the Red Rose and the emblem of York was the White Rose. The Dukes of Lancaster won, so the emblem of England is the Red rose.
2-nd guest: I am from Scotland. The thistle, the national emblem of Scotland, was chosen as such because it saved the country from the enemy. This is what a legend says about it. In ancient times the Norsemen raided the east coast of Scotland intending to plunder it and settle in the country. The Scots took their stations behind the river Tay, the largest in Scotland .Not expecting the enemy before the next day and being weary and tired after a long march they pitched their camp and were resting. The Norsemen saw that no guards protected the camp so they crossed the river intending to take the Scots by surprise. On coming quite near they took off their shoes not to make noise. But one of the Norsemen stepped on a thistle and shrieked with pain. The alarm was given in the Scots camp and the Norsemen were put to flight. Scots, thankful for timely help, chose the thistle as their national emblem.
3-d guest: I am from Wales. The leek or daffodil is Welshmen’s national emblem. Welshmen all over the world celebrate (on March) St. David’s Day by wearing either leeks or daffodils. St. David is supposed to have lived for several years on bread and wild leeks, so the link between the leek and St. David is a strong one. The daffodil is also closely associated with St.David’s Day due to the belief that it flowers on that every day. It became an alternative to the leek as a Welsh emblem in the present century, because some thought the leek vulgar. The Welsh national flag is called Welsh dragon. It bears the red dragon on the white and green background.
4-th guest: I am from Ireland. The shamrock, the national emblem of the Irish, is proudly worn on St. Patrick’s Day, March 17. It is worn in memory of Ireland’s patron saint, who when preaching the doctrine of the Trinity to the pagan Irish used the shamrock (a small white clover with three leaves on one stem) as an illustration of the mystery.
Все демонстрируется и прикрепляется на магнитной доске. На ней необходимо так же прикрепить карточки, где написано England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland.
Teacher: Look at our gusts! They have wonderful clothes. They have native clothes. Of course, the Scottish cloth is the most popular and interesting. Here the men wear skirts. Who can tell me, what do the colors on the skirts mean?
Если студенты знают, то отвечают.
Teacher: It means clans, or families. Цвета означают кланы или семьи. Раньше в Шотландии были распространены такие фамилии, как Дункан Мак Клаун, Мак Дональд. Приставка мак – означала сын Дункана или Дональда.
Teacher: Every part of the United Kingdom has its own music, too. Listen to the tape-recorder and tell me, what music is it?
Студенты слушают мелодию и определяют музыку страны. На доске должны быть прикреплены:
England – bells
Ireland – harp
Scotland – bagpipes
Wales – violin
Teacher: Thank you very much, our gusts may sit down. Look at this picture! (Демонстрация герба Великобритании).
In the official coat of arms the shield shows the various royal emblems of different parts of Britain: the three lions of England is the first and fourth quarters; the lion of Scotland in the second and the harp of Ireland in the third. It is surrouded by a garter bearing the motto “Honi soil qui mal y pense”, which symbolizes the Order of the knighthood of which the Queen is sovereign. The shield is supported by the English lion and Scottish unicorn and is surmounted by the Royal crown. Below it appears the motto of the Sovereign “Dieu et mon droit” (God and my right).
Teacher: The next part of the text will read….
Student: The climate of Britain is mild and warm because of the warm Gulf Stream. Most of the mountains are in the north, in Scotland, but they are not very high. Scotland is also famous for its beautiful lakes. The rivers in Great Britain are not long but many of them deep. The greatest are the Clyde, the Thames and the Severn. The longest river is the Severn.
Teacher: England is connected by English – Channel. Канал имеет два названия: Ла-Манш и английский канал; официальное географическое название – Ла-Манш.
Teacher: Look at this, please! What is it? (демонстрация зонта).
Student: It is am umbrella.
Teacher: Yes. The climate in England is mild and warm because of the Golf Stream. Every day everybody in England takes its own umbrella and go out.
Student: London, the capital of the country, is situated on the Thames. The most important industrial cities are Manchester, Leeds, Bristol, Edinburgh, Birmingham and others.
Teacher: You know now there are many beautiful lakes in England. The most famous is loch Ness because of loch Ness Monster. Лохнесское чудовище – огромное животное, которое якобы живет в шотландском озере Лох-Несс. Очевидцы утверждают, что оно похоже на первобытное животное. Однако не найдены достоверные научные подтверждения его существования.
Демонстрация картинки с чудовищем, прикрепляется к доске.
Teacher: Англия является страной где до сих пор верят в гномов, эльфов, приведения. Утверждают, что на границах Шотландии живет злой гном Red Hood - Красный Колпак, Красный гребень, который когда-то наводил ужас на жителей. Он обитает в заброшенных замках, где когда-то произошло злодейство. По преданию его можно победить только с помощью креста.
Демонстрация и прикрепление картинки гнома в магнитной доске.
Teacher: Leprechaun - Леприхун – герой сказок, гном, хранитель золота и сапожник. Выдавал себя непрерывным стуком своего молотка. Иногда он попадал в плен, но ему удавалось бежать. Никто и никогда не смог украсть его богатства.
Teacher: Read me and translate the next part of the text ….
Student: Britain’s population is more than 56 million people.
Teacher: Of course, all we are different. Многие считают, что англичане сдержанные, холодные люди. Но на самом деле – разные.
Look at the picture. It is John Bull. John Bull is the symbol of the typical Englishman. He is often drawn in cartoons or pictures about England. He was invented in 1712 by a political writer John Arbuthnot. John Bull is drawn as a big man with a large stomach and a round face. He wears high boots, an open jacket and a Union jack waistcoat. He often has a bulldog with him. Любимое блюдо – овсяная каша, чай с лимоном – без сахара, с молоком. Англичане очень любят животных, имеют даже продвинутую политическую партию “Green peace”. Выведена порода собак – английский бульдог. В Шотландии - Колли. Англичане щедры на похвалу.
Student: The most famous educational centers are Cambridge and Oxford universities. They are considered to be the intellectual of Europe. The education is not free, it is very important.
Teacher: The pupils have their own school uniform. The famous colors are green, blue and red.
Student: The U.K. is constitutional monarchy. The official head of the state is the king or the queen. But the power of the monarchy is limited by Parliament, which is made up of the House of Lords and House of Commons. Members of the House of Lords are appointed, and members of the House of Commons are elected by people. Parliament makes laws. The head of the Government is the Prime Minister, who is the leader of the party in power. At present there are four main political parties in Great Britain: the Conservative, The Labor, the Liberal and the Social-democratic Party.
Teacher: Look at this picture please! Who is it?
It’s King Henry 8. He was born in 1491, and in 1509 he married Catherine of Aragon. At that time he was young, strong, nice man. He loved reading, singing and writing and he went to the church 3 or 4 times every day. The Pope in Rome – the most important man in the Catholic Church – was very happy with him. But Henry wanted to have a son. After 15 years Catherine and Henry had only one daughter, but no sons. Catherine was very old and Henry loved a younger woman – Ann Boleyn. He said to the Pope in Rome that he wanted to divorce Catherine of Aragon and marry Ann Boleyn. But the Pope in Rome disagreed. The Pope in Rome said to Henry that he couldn’t and that Catherine was his wife. But Henry disagreed, too. He told the Pope in Rome that he could. Then he divorced Catherine of Aragon and married Ann. He took all the Church’s money and buildings, too. He said that he was the first person in the Church of England. But Ann had a daughter, not a son. He was very angry with her, and she was afraid of him, because she didn’t love him – she loved a younger man. Henry loved a younger woman, too – Jane Seymour. So, one day, the soldiers killed Ann, and Henry married Jane. She had a son – at once! But she died after her son was born. The King married again – Anne of Clevens, because he saw her beautiful picture, but then they met and she wasn’t beautiful and he divorced her, too. In 1541 he married a nice 17 years old girl – Catherine Howard. He saw her with a young man and soldiers killed her, too. His sixth wife – Catherine Parr, was older woman. In 1547 he died. But because of him, The King or the queen of England is always the Head of the Church, too.
Параллельно с рассказом, преподаватель прикрепляет наглядные пособия на магнитную доску.
Look at this map! It’s the royal family in Great Britain. (демонстрация фотографии королевской семьи Британии). Look at this prince! He has a wonderful love-story. His name is Edward 8. Это единственный принц, который отказался от престола ради любви. Королевская семья не одобряла его выбор. Его жена была дважды замужем,и ее третий официальный брак был с Эдвардом 8. И ради нее он отказался быть королем Британии.
If you got to England, don’t tell your own opinion about the royal family. Не высказывайте своего мнения о королевской семье. Англичане трепетно относятся к ней.
Who can tell me, why does our guest from England have a black raven? Did you notice it? What does it mean?
The black raven is the Patron of the royal family. Черный ворон – покровитель королевской семьи. Легенда гласит: что если черный ворон покинет дворец – монархия падет в Англии. Сейчас насчитывают 9 воронов во дворце.
Look at this picture. It is Yeoman or Beefeater. There are 40 Yeomen in England now. They protect The Tower. The name “Beefeaters” comes from when the Queen gave them meat, not money, as their pay. 40 Beefeaters live at the Tower.
The Crown Jewels are in the Jewel Room. The royal crown has got three hundred jewels on it, but the queen only wears the crown once every year!
Student: The UK is a highly-developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of iron and steel products, machinery and electronics, chemicals and textile. One of the industries is shipbuilding. Great Britain is a country with old cultural traditions and customs.
Teacher: Англия высокоразвитая промышленная страна. Здесь есть двухэтажные автобусы. Полицейские ходят без оружия.
Now you know more about England. And answer my questions to the text…. Your homework is… Your marks….
Thanks a lot. Prepare for your homework. Learn English. И хотелось бы закончить урок высказыванием Гете: “Кто не знает одного иностранного языка, тот не знает своего родного!”