Задачи урока
- Обобщить лингвострановедческий материал по теме “Шотландия”. Углубить и расширить знания по теме.
- Совершенствовать умения и навыки практического владения английским языком по теме “Страноведение”: аудированию, говорению и чтению.
- Повысить познавательный интерес к иностранному языку.
Оборудование урока
Карта Соединенного королевства, эмблема и флаг Шотландии, аудиокассеты с записью песен “Auld Lang Syne” и “My Bonnie”; портреты Р. Бернса, Р.Л. Стивенсона, А. Флеминга, В. Скотта, А.Г. Белл, Д. Ливингстона; иллюстрированный альбом “Шотландия”, распечатки заданий для контроля аудирования и чтения; видеофрагмент “Озёра Шотландии”.
План урока:
- Приветствие, вступительное слово учителя.
- Приход на урок гостей из Шотландии, знакомство.
- Беседа с гостями о климате, рельефе, регионах Шотландии; чтение учащимися стихотворения “My Heart’s in the Highlands”; просмотр кинофрагмента “Озёра Шотландии”, выполнение устного теста; сообщение о традициях, кланах, праздниках; исполнение песен “Auld Lang Syne” и “My Bonnie”; решение кроссворда.
- Подведение итогов урока.
Ход урока
1-2. Приветствие вступительное слово учителя.
Teacher(T): Dear boys and girls, we have already finished learning about the countries of the UK. We spoke much about their history, industry, cities and traditions. Today we are having an unusual lesson. We are going to speak about… (в класс заходят 4 ученика в традиционных шотландских юбках) Scotland. Four Scottish students are our guests. Let me introduce our guests to you. Their names are Jimmy(J), Donald(D), Angus(A) and Robert(R).
Pupils(P): Nice to meet you.
Guests: Nice to meet you too.
T: They’ll tell us, show us so much interesting about their wonderful country.
P: Some guide-books “say”: “Who hasn’t seen Scotland doesn’t really know Great Britain”. We know Scotland has the second name. How do you call your country at home?
J: The ancient name of Scotland given it by the Romans was Caledonia. Today the name is used in the titles of some hotels, clubs, etc. It is often used in poetry. “O Caledonia! Stern a wild…” wrote Sir Walter Scott.
P: Is it your first visit to Russia?
D: Yes, it is.
P: How long are you going to stay here?
D: Five days.
P: We hope you’ll have a good time. You’ve come to the north of Russia. How do you like our climate-harsh and cold?
A: Well, it’s rather cold here. The climate of Scotland is warmer, though it is the most northern part of the island of Great Britain and is not far away from Arctic Circle. It often rains in Scotland and Western Scotland, there are usually five rainy days to the week. The western coast of Scotland has an average temperature in January of about 4°C and an average temperature in July of 14°C.
P: They say the rugged landscapes of Scotland create certain charm and beauty. Is it so?
R: Look at the map and these pictures. Scotland has three main regions: the Border country, which is most close to England, the Lowlands and the Highlands – the most beautiful part of the country.
The Borderland was once the place of great fights between the Scottish and the English. There is a big wall that stands along the border. The Romans never invaded Scotland because they could not cross the border: the natives did not let them climb the wall. Now the wall lies in ruins.
P: In what region do you live?
A: We live in the Lowlands, the relatively flat region of central Scotland, in the valleys of the rivers Clyde and Forth. The Lowlands house three quarters of Scottish population. All big cities are situated in Lowlands.
P: As far as we know Scottish mountains are very popular with mountain climbers and hill walkers.
T: Our students can recite the poem by Robert Burns “My Heart’s in the Highlands”.
P:
My Heart’s is in Highlands, my heart is not here,
My Heart’s is in Highlands a-chasing the deer,
A-chasing the wild deer and following the roe
My Heart’s is in Highlands, wherever I go!
D: Thank you. Your reciting is perfect! You are right; the Scottish Highlands are among the oldest mountains in the world. Ben Nevis – the highest mountain in the Grampians and in the whole of Britain.
Its height is 4406 feet (1343 meters). The Highlands with its holiday resorts is the favourite place for holidaymakers.
P: Sorry, but I’ve heard that Scottish lakes are called “lochs”. What can you tell us about them?
R: Many deep valleys in the hills of the Highlands are filled with water. Mountain lakes are called “lochs” here. We’ve brought a film about “lochs”. Let’s use it. But be attentive; try to remember as many facts as possible. (Смотрят кинофрагмент об озёрах Шотландии).
R: We hope you are attentive and can complete the sentences. (Выполняют устный тест на проверку понимания прослушанного).
- The longest loch is Loch Lomond is…
- Loch Lomond has…
- Loch Lomond lies not far from…
- A large prehistoric creature is said to be living in the deep waters of…
a). 12 b). 24 c). 30 miles long
a). 10 b). 20 c). 30 beautiful islands
a). Edinburgh b). Glasgow c). Aberdeen
a). Loch Lomond b). Loch Ness c). St. Mary’s Loch
Keys: 1. b 2. c 3. b 4. b
P: Many countries have plant symbols. Do you know Russian plant symbol?
J: Of course, it is a birch.
P: What is the most common tree in Scotland?
J: It is an elm
P: We all know that the emblem of Scotland is a thistle. I wonder how that thorny plant has become to be chosen as a badge in preference to any other.
A: The answer is interesting. There is a legend in Scotland. In very ancient times the Vikings once Landed somewhere on the east coast of Scotland. The Scots assembled with their arms and took their stations behind the river Tay. As they arrived late in the day, weary and tired after a long march, they pitched their camp and rested not expecting the enemy before the next day. The Vikings however were near; noticing that no guards were protecting the camp, they crossed the Tay, intending to take the Scots by surprise.
To this end, they took off shoes so as to make the least noise possible. But one of them stepped on a thistle. The sudden and sharp pain he felt caused him to shriek. He alarm was given in the Scot’s camp.
The Vikings were put to flight, and as an acknowledgement for the timely and unexpected help from the thistle, The Scots took it as their national emblem.
P: How interesting! We know the inhabitants of Scotland speak English but with regional accents. Don’t you speak Scottish?
D: You are right. The English language is spoken all over Scotland. But the Gaelic language is still used rather than English among the people of the remote Highlands districts. Scottish Gaelic is an ancient Celtic language.
P: Do you have an official religion in your country? Can you say that religion is an integral part of everyday life?
R: Religion in Scotland was for centuries and, one can say, still is a part of daily life. The majority of Scots, about 65% are members of the Kirk (пресвитерианская церковь Шотландии).
Every village has a kirk (церковь). Next come the Roman Catholics, about 25%. In the Western Highlands and islands Sunday is a very quiet day with no shops open and no public transport running.
P: Could you tell us about some traditions and events marked with particular customs in Scotland?
J: The Scottish people are great patriots of their country. We keep our old customs and traditions even if they seem strange to the whole world. Look at us. We are wearing our national dress. Do you know it?
P: Of course, we do. It is a kilt.
J: This colorful cloth is called tartan – a woolen cloth with a pattern of lines of different widths and different colours. Each clan in the Highlands has a certain color associated with it and a certain checked pattern which they wear on the kilt and the plaids.
P: Sorry, but what does the word “clan” mean?
J: The Gaelic word “clan” means “family” or “descendants”. Many people in Scotland have the name McDonald or McKenzie. “Mac” means “son of” and people with this name usually feel they belong to the same family or clan.
Campbell or Cameron are other common surnames. The names Jimmy and Jock are so common that many English people call a man from Scotland “a Jimmy” or “Jock”.
D: Now we’d like to propose you a task “Do you know these famous Scottish names?” You should read them aloud and name the person…
- He was born in Edinburgh. He can be rightly called the creator of the historical novel. He wrote more than 26 novels such as “Ivanhoe”, “Woodstock”, “Quentin Durward”, etc. (Walter Scott)
- Boys and girls of all the countries love and admire him for his stories and books of adventure and especially for his famous book “Treasure Island”. (Robert Louis Stevenson)
- He discovered penicillin. (Sir Alexander Fleming)
- He was one of the missionaries to Africa, who discovered the Victoria Falls. He was born in 1813 in a village near Glasgow. (David Livingstone)
- He was born in Edinburgh. On the 10th of March, 1876 he invented the telephone. His father was a world-famous teacher of speech and the inventor of a system which he called “Visible Speech”. It helped deaf people to pronounce words they could not hear. (Alexander Graham Bell)
- Scotland’s national poet. His poems and verses inspired Beethoven, Mendelssohn and other composers who wrote music to them. He was born on January 25, 1759. (Robert Burns)
P: Robert Burns’ birthday is a special day in Scotland. How do you usually celebrate it?
A: The celebration usually takes the form of a supper (called Burns Supper) at which traditional Scottish dishes are eaten and during which a Scottish piper plays, wearing the national costume. It begins with a traditional toast: “To the immortal memory of Robert Burns”. Some of Burns most popular poems are recited and there may be Scottish dancing after meal is finished. One of the traditional dishes served is a haggis.
P: Sorry, may I ask a question?
A: Certainly.
P: How do you cook it?
A: It is a sheep’s maw containing the minced lungs, heart and liver of the sheep, mixed and cooked with oatmeal, onions, pepper, salt and suet. Haggis is eaten with mashed potatoes or turnips. At Burns Supper a piper accompanies the haggis to the dining table.
P: By the way our teacher of English told us that people living in the North Caucasus cook the dish like haggis and it is called “yorme”.
P: You’ll see the New Year in with Russian people; we hope you’ll enjoy it. You can learn how we celebrate New Year’s Day and what our traditional meals are. Can you tell us about your New Year customs?
D: Scottish New Year customs are also connected with Robert Burns. When the clock strikes twelve, everybody stands in a circle crossing their arms and sing “Auld Lang Syne”.
T: Dear guests let’s sing it together. (Звучит магнитофонная запись песни, ученики поют вместе).
Should auld acquaintance be forgot,
And never brought to min’?
Should auld acquaintance be forgot,Chorus:
And auld lang syne, my dear,
For auld lang syne,
We’ll talk a cup o’ kindness yet.
For auld lang syne!
D: Then a cup with a hot drink is passed around the circle and everyone drinks from the same cup. New Year’s Eve is more important festival in Scotland than it is an England, and it even has a special name “Hogmaney”.
P: Sorry, what does the word “Hogmaney” mean?
D: It is not clear where the word “Hogmaney” comes from, but it is connected with provision of food and drink for all visitors to your home on 31st December. It was believed that the first person to visit one’s house on New Year’s Day could bring good luck. The first footer was required to carry three articles: a piece of coal to wish warmth, a piece of bread to wish food and a silver coin to wish wealth. The pleasing custom is still observed. Come to Scotland in winter and you’ll see everything with your own eyes.
P: We are going to Scotland in summer. What interesting events can we see there?
A: Oh! Summer is the season of cultural festivals. The best known one is Edinburgh International Festival of Music and Drama held annually during the last two weeks of August and the first week of September. The festival was first held in 1947, its emblem is also a thistle.
P: What is this festival famous for?
A: It acquaints its numerous visitors with folk music and folk songs as well as with “avant-garde” events.
P: When are Highlands Games are held?
J: Summer is also the season for Highlands Games a traditional annual festival of Scottish sports and music held at a centre in the Highlands. They include tossing the caber (a heavy wooden pole), throwing the hammer and other events testing strength, bagpipe music and dancing.
P: It is known that people from different countries have some national characteristics. What personality traits are typical of the Scottish?
J: Well, I think every Scotsman has a keen sense of humor because they like jokes. They are very sociable. The Scots like to spend their free time together in small cafes drinking coffee and talking, at the fairs and in the parks.
P: By the way we can sing a Scottish folk song “My Bonnie”. Let’s sing it together. (Поют все вместе под магнитофонную запись песни).
My Bonnie is over the ocean,
My Bonnie is over the sea,
My Bonnie is over the ocean,
O bring back my bonnie to me…Chorus:
Bring back, bring back,
Bring back my bonnie to me, to me.
Bring back, bring back,
O bring back my bonnie to me.
P: We’ve spoken about different things, but I’d like you to tell us about your native city.
A: We are from Edinburgh, the capital of the country. The ancient capital of Scotland was Perth (the Fair City). It was the capital of Scotland until the middle of the 15th century. Edinburgh is sometimes called the Athens of the North. It is an old city, famous for its monuments. The most well-known is the monument to Sir Walter Scott in the centre of the city. Edinburgh has a castle on a high rock, Holyrood Palace – the ancient residence of the Scottish kings and the University. Every citizen of Edinburgh checks his watch by the One O’clock Gun which is fired every day in Edinburgh castle.
P: Is Edinburgh University old?
R: It’s interesting to know that between 1411 and 1594 Scotland established four universities, at St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh when England had but two – Oxford and Cambridge.
T: Our lesson is coming to an end and now you have the last task to perform. You are to complete the crossword connected with Scotland’s traditions customs and history.
Across:
- A Scottish name for colored checks.
- The capital of Scotland.
- A Scottish name for church.
- A Scottish name for New Year’s Eve.
- Scotland’s national costume.
- The Scottish word for “family”.
- The ancient capital of Scotland.
Down:
- The poetic name of Scotland.
- One of the commonest trees in Scotland.
- The name of the prehistoric creature in the lake Loch Ness.
- The emblem of Scotland.
Keys:
Across: 1. tartan 2. Edinburgh 3. kirk 4. Hogmaney 5. kilt 6. clan 7. Derth
Down: 1. Caledonia 2. elm 3. Nessy 4. thistle
Подведение итогов урока.
T: I want to thank our guests. We’ll remember Scotland as a land of Scotsmen in kilt, playing bagpipes, romantic castles, and a land with its own national forms of dancing, its own songs, poetry, language and traditions. To put the whole thing in a nutshell, Scotland is not England. (Выставление оценок).