Методическая разработка по теме: "The Army National Guard"

“ The Army National Guard”

Glossary:

1) Army - сухопутные войска
2) US Army National Guard (US Ar NG) - национальная гвардия сухопутных войск США
3) US Army reserve ( AU AR) - резерв сухопутных войск армии США
4) unit training assembly ( UTA)- сосредоточение учебных подразделений
5) combat units- боевые подразделения
6) combat support units- подразделения боевого обеспечения
7) combat service support- тыловое обеспечение
8) implementation- осуществление, выполнение
9) share- делить
10) assume- ( command)- принимать на себя ( командование)
11) complete- завершать, заканчивать
12) comprise - включать
13) commander-in-chef (CINC)- главнокомандующий
14) personnel ( pers)- личный состав
15) executive- исполнительная власть
16) domestic- внутренний
17) challenge- вызов
18) threat- угроза
19) distribute- распределять
20) governor- губернатор
21) emergency- крайняя необходимость
22) civilian- штатский, гражданский
23) employee - служащий
24) seek - искать
25) identify - отождествлять
26) efficiency- действенность, эффективность
27) to transmit - передавать

Grammar

1. Participle I в функции определения
2. Participle II в функции определения
3. Passive Voice, Present Simple в Passive Voice.

“ Army of the U S A”

Grad Structure

The Army consists of three components: the Active Army, the U.S. Army National Guard ( ARNG) and the U.S. Army reserve ( USAR).Each component has unique characteristics, but all share common doctrine, regulations and training. The following page provides information about the Army National Guard, its soldiers, units and missions. For information on the history of the Guard visit the Guard History section.

Mission

The National Guard has a unique dual-mission that consists of both Federal and State roles. Although the force’s primary mission is to serve as a Federal Reserve force, the Guard has an equally important role in support of the states. Until mobilized in support of a federal mission, Guard units are commanded by their state executive (usually the Governor). In this capacity, they complete required training and serve as the first military responders within states during emergencies.

During the past years, there has been an increate in number and scope of missions across America, with the Guard playing an expanding role in domestic response. As the nation prepares to meet the challenges of responding to threats of weapons of Mass Destruction, the Guard is assuming a key role, a natural extension of years of domestic support and service.

Organization

The Army National Guard consists of forces distributed across the 54 states and territories. The Governor or senior executive in each state or territory commands the state’s Guard force during peacetime and while activated for state emergencies. The President serves as commander-in-chief for units that are mobilized for Federal active duty. Each state has an Adjutant General who is responsible for the Army and Air Guard units within that state.

At the federal level, there is a Chief of the National Guard Bureau (NGB) , who overseas both the Army and Air Guards. Reporting to the Chief, NGB, are Directors for both Army and Air, who each menage full-time staff. The Director of the ARNG leads the ARNG Directorate, headquarters in the Army Guard Readiness Center in Arlington, Virginia, just a few miles from the Pentagon. Many officers of the Directorate are located in the Washington DC area, to include officers in the Pentagon and Crystal City.

Personnel

The Army National Guard has approximately 361,000 soldiers in service across the 54 states and territories. Although the majority of soldiers serve part-time, there are also full-time soldiers serving at both the state (under Title 32, US Code) and federal level (Title 10, US Code). Military technicians and civilian employees are a critical part of the force in each state as well.

In the part time force, many soldiers have skills that they use in both their civilian and military careers, such as in medical, aviation, military police and technological fields. Many other soldiers have specialities that differ widely from their civilian jobs and offer them leadership opportunities and challenging training such as in the combat arms fields of infantry, armor, and field artillery. One of the greatest attractions to many soldiers is the diversity in career fields that they many serve in with the Guard.

Guard soldiers earn pay for drills and annual training that is based on the active military pay scale. For Each unit training assembly (UTA), a Guard soldier is paid for one day of active military pay for their pay grade. Drill weekends usually consist of 4 UTAs for working Saturday and Sunday, representing 4 days of active duty pay for this commitment. During annual training, soldiers are paid according to the active component base pay scale.

Force Structure

The Guard is comprised of balanced force structure of Combat, Combat Support, and Combat Service Support units. Several initiatives are contributing to important changes in the Guard force structure. An example is the Division Redesign process which transitions two combat divisions to combat support and combat service support roles. Other important initiatives are the implementation of Guard/ Active component integrated divisions, which align an active components division headquarters with three Army Guard Brigades.

Training

Guard training is focused at ensuring readiness across the force to ensure that during mobilization, rain-up time is limited. Guard personnel Generally train during one weekend per month and two weeks of annual training each year. Additionally, these soldiers attend active-duty and part-time military schools to receive required training.

Individual training and education requirements mirror that of the active component. An example is that all soldiers attend the same initial basic training while officers attend branch qualification and most specialty training courses alongside their active- duty counterparts. Although much of the Guard’s training is focused on Platoon level and below (in order to focus limited resources), lager scale training takes place continually, often using the Army’s combat training centers such as the National Training Center (NTC) at Fort Irwin, California, and the Joint Readiness Training Center (JRTC) at Fort Polk, Louisiana as well as many other domestic and overseas training sites.

The Guard continually seeks to identify efficiencies and innovation in training. An example of this is the Distance Learning Program. Distance learning program involves transmitting standardized training lessons through a network to soldiers at their home stations. The ultimate goal is to have a distance-learning classroom within an hour’s drive of 95% of the Guard’s soldiers. The evolving network that supports this system has voice, video and data capabilities and can be used by local communities for command and control, education, and other purposes.

Installations

The Army National Guard is a community based force, with approximately 3,200 armories located in nearly 2,700 communities across the states and territories. Additionally, the Guard’s extensive maintenance, training and aviation facilities serve to support the readiness of units across America.

The Guard is comprised of members of the communities in which they are stationed. Moreover, many Guard armories are a meeting place for their communities- and not just during local emergencies. This bond to the community is part of the legality of the citizen-soldier.

Sourcing

Constant resources have become a way of life for the military Guard is focused on leveraging resources to obtain the most from each dollar spent. The Army Guard’s budget for Fiscal Year 199 is $ 6.6 Billion dollars, which equates to approximately 10% of the Army’s budget and less than 2.5% of the Department of Defense Budget. Despite his limited percentage, the ARNG maintains more than half of the Army’s total combat power and approximately one- third of it’s Combat Support and Combat Service support force structure.

The Army Guard is funded by three separate budget appropriations; Personnel ( NGPA), Operations and Maintenance ( OMNG), and Military Construction ( MCNG). The ARNG FY99 Budget Estimate Submissions ( BES) for these three accounts is $ 3.6. billion, $ 2.8 billion , and $145 million respectively.

Improve Your Pronunciation

Train the following sounds:

Three of these words have a sound / i :/. Read it aloud:

Chief, employee, efficiency, increase.

Three of these -s endings sound, like /z/. One is different, it sounds like /s/. Which one is it?

Soldiers, missions, consists, regulations

Practise your new Vocabulary

a) Listen and repeat new words and word combinations.

b) Read and translate the following international words:

Guard, structure, army, national, component, unique, doctrine, soldier, primary mission, federal, role, service, mobilize, director, directorate, technicians, civilian, scale, base, training, balance, reserve, career.

c) Give English equivalents for the following words and word combinations:

Национальная гвардия, компонент, особые характеристики, солдат, служба, начальник управления или службы, управление, штатский, техника, уровень, учеба, резерв, карьера.

d) Give the terms for which the following abbreviations stand:

ARNG, US AR, NGB, CINC, pers.

e) Choose one of the new words to make the sentence complete:

1) The Army consists of three components: the Active Army, the US Army National Guard and …

2) … has a unique dual- mission.

3) The force’s primary mission is to serve as a federal … force.

4) … has an equally important role in support of the states.

5) Guard units are commanded by their state …

6) They … as the first military responders within states during emergencies.

7) The Guard is … a key role, a natural extension of years of domestic support and service.

8) The ARNG consists of forces … (distributed) across the 54 states and territories.

9) … in each state or territory commands the state’s Guard force during peacetime and while activated for state emergencies.

10) … serves as commander-in-chief for units that are mobilized for Federal active duty.

11) At the federal level a chief of the National Guard Bureau (overseas)… both the Army and Air Guard.

12) The ARNG had approximately 361.000 … in service across the 54 states and territories.

13) The Guard is … of a balanced force structure of combat, … support and combat service support units.

f) Make up sentences using the following words:

1) The Active Army, the US Army Reserve, consists of, the Army, the U.S. Army National Guard, components, three.

2) characteristics, has, component, each, unique.

3) The Guard’s primary mission, as, force, a, reserve, to serve, is federal.

4) The ANG, across, states, and, territories, consists of, distributed, forces, 54.

5) state, each, an adjutant, who, General, is responsible for, the Army, and, Air Guard, units, state, within, that.

6) a chief, of, the, National, Bureau, Guard, there, is, level, at, the, federal.

7) he, both, overseas, the, Army, Air, and, Guards.

8) the, serve, majority, soldiers, of, part-time.

9) Military, technicians, employees, and civilian, a, are, part, critical, of, force, the, state, each, in.

10) During, generally, train, personnel, Guard, weekend, one, month, per, and, weeks, two, annual, of, training, each, year.

11) Innovation, seeks, to identify, efficiencies, training, in, and, continually, the Guard.

g) Say in English

1) Армия состоит из трех компонентов: регулярная армия, национальная гвардия США и резерв армии США.

2) Общая доктрина является основой подготовки всех её компонентов, но каждый имеет свои особенности.

3) Национальная гвардия выполняет двойную задачу, защищая интересы федеральные и штатов.

4) Президент является главнокомандующим Вооруженными Силами США.

5) На службе национальной гвардии состоит приблизительно 361 тыс. солдат в 54 штатах и территориях.

Improve your Grammar

Participle I V + ing

Participle II V_{3 ( V + ed)}

Present Simple Passive Voice to be ( am, is, are) + V3

1.Form the Participle I :

to serve
to follow
to support
to respond
to play
to expand
to train
to evolve
to train
to transmit
to limit

2. Read and translate the following word combinations:

a)

1. soldiers serving at both the state and federal level;
2. training lessons;
3. evolving network;
4. focusing limited resources;
5. Army’s combat training centers

b)

1. боевые тренировочные центры армии
2. сосредотачивая ограниченные ресурсы
3. солдаты, служащие и на федеральном уровне, и уровне штата
4. развивающая сеть
5. учебные занятия

3. Form the Participle II

to command
to mobilize
to require
to standardized
to headquarter
to do
to see
to take
to begin

4. Translate the following word combinations:

1. the based force
2. armories, located across the states and territories
3. a balanced force structure
4. complete required training
5. consists of forces distributed across the 54 states and territories

5.Find verbs in the Present Simple Tense Active Voice and Passive Voice and translate the sentences into Russian:

1. The Army consists of three components: the Active Army, the U.S. ARNG and the USAR.
2. The Guard has an equally important role in support of the states.
3. Guard units are commanded by their Governors.
4. The units are mobilized for Federal active duty.
5. Many officers of the ARNG Directorate are located in the Washington DC area.
6. The Guard is comprised of a balanced force structure of Combat, Combat Support, and Combat Service Support units.
7. During annual training soldiers are paid according to the active component base pay scale.

6.Find Participle I and Participle II, define their functions and translate the sentences in to Russian:

1) Quart units complete required training and serve as the first military responders within states during emergencies.
2) The Army National Guard consists of forces distributed across the 54 states and territories.
3) The President serves as commander-in-chief for units that are mobilized for Federal active duty.
4) There are also full-time soldiers serving at both the state and federal level.
5) Distance learning involvers transmitting standardized training lessons through a network to soldiers at their home stations.
6) The evolving network that supports this system has voice video and data capabilities.
7) The Army National Guard is a community based force, with approximately 3.200 armories located in nearly 2.700 communities across the states and territories.
8) Although much of the Guard’s training is focused on Platoon level tasks and below ( in order to focus limited resources), larger scale training takes place continually, often using the Army’s combat training centers.

Reading

1. Read the text thoroughly and :

a) Point out the most important facts
b) Point out the facts that turn out to be new to you
c) Find topical sentences in each text
d) Compress the whole text to 8-10 sentences ( in written form)
e) Ask your friends questions about this text
f)

2. Prepare short reports on the topics:

1. ARNG, its mission;
2. ARNG, its organization;
3. ARNG, its personnel;
4. ARNG, Force Structure;
5. ARNG, Training.
6.

3. Develop your critical thinking skills

Work in small groups and discuss the following questions:

1. Are there any differences between two Armies: Russian and American?
2. What are they?
3. Do you think it is a good idea to have the Distance Learning Program in the Army. Do you approve it?
4. Advantages and disadvantages of the US Army.

4. Interesting facts

Do you know that…

1) In the Armed Forces of the USA the regular components are manned by both men and women who make the military life their profession.
2) The secretary of the Army, a civilian, is the head of the Army.
3) The Army initiated reorganization in 1973, after the war in Vietnam.
4) Today the American Army is professional. Both men and women are volunteers.
5) Woman account for 20% of the total strength.
6) The meals for soldiers are free.
7) A most important person in the Army is the sergeant. It is he who makes real soldiers of volunteers.
8) Twice a year all military people must undergo 2 tests: sport and weight. If you don’t get the necessary results, you should leave the army.
9) There are not very many special military colleges. The most famous is the US Military Academy at West Point where a famous Military Museum is situated.
10) The elite forces are American rangers. A ranger must do a lot of different things: be a leader, use different weapons, swim well in full uniform, get information and so on.
11) The rules of American rangers:

- Size up a situation.
- Undue haste makes waste.
- Remember where you are.
- Vanquish fear and panic.
- Improvise.
- Value living.
- Act like the natives.
- Learn the basic skills.

Литература:

1) Афанасьева О.В. Profiles of the United States”, Москва, Астрель, 2001.
2) Интерресурсы.
3) Колкер Я.М., Устинова Е.С., Еналиева Т.М. « Практическая методика обучения иностранному языку», Москва, Академия, 2000.
4) Сафонов А.И. « Военная подготовка», Москва, « Военный перевод», 1993.
5) Tim Riplay “ Modern US Army», London, New York, 1992.