Gardens of Great Britain

Дощенко Елизавета Ивановна
Минаева Римма Владимировна, преподаватель
Надежкина Регина Юрьевна

Разделы: Иностранные языки, Внеклассная работа, Конкурс «Презентация к уроку»

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Выполнили:
Дощенко Е.И., Надежкина Р.Ю.,
студентки 3 курса группы «1Б»
специальность 44.02.02
«Преподавание в начальных классах»

Руководитель:
Минаева Р.М.

Цели:

1. Познакомится с некоторыми садами Великобритании:

сформировать общее представление о внешнем облике представленных садов Великобритании;
познакомиться с общей информацией о выбранных объектах.

2. Приобщиться к культурному наследию Великобритании.

Задачи:

Задачи, представленные нами	Задачи, вытекающие из целей
1. Развитие умения планировать и организовывать свою работу;	1. Представить сады Великобритании, их историю, особенности и красоту;
2. Научиться основам исследовательской работы;	2. Расширить кругозор;
3. Научится анализировать материал, делать выводы.	3. Способствовать воспитанию эстетических чувств и уважения к культуре другой страны.

Оборудование:

интернет-ресурсы; компьютер.

Планируемый результат проекта:

Презентация, созданная в программе Microsoft Power Point;
Документ, созданный в программе Microsoft Word.

Этапы работы:

Запуск проекта (01.02.2023);
Планирование работы:
1. Определение темы проекта (03.02. - 05.02.);
2. Расчёт времени (07.02.).
Сбор информации:
1. теоретической:
  1. интернет-источники (09.02. - 02.03.).
2. наглядной:
  1. фотографии (04.03 - 20.03. );
  2. музыки (12.04).
Обработка информации (22.03. - 01.04.);
Создание презентации проекта (в форме документа, подкреплённого презентацией);
Защита проекта.

We decided to create this project on the advice of our head, Rimma Vladimirovna Minaeva. She drew attention to the works presented in English lessons and put forward an offer to participate in the competition. Having considered the possible options for themes for the project, our choice settled on the gardens of England. In this paper, we will present some gardens in England that are popular with tourists and have a wide variety of vegetation.

Royal Botanic Gardens Kew

This garden is without exaggeration the most beautiful park in London. The park is rightfully proud of its collection of living plants, which is one of the three largest collections in the world.

Royal Botanic Gardens Kew (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew) is a complex of botanical gardens and greenhouses with an area of 132 hectares. It is located in the south-western part of London between Richmond and Kew. Kew Gardens originated in 1670, they were created by Lord Henry Capel of Tewkesbury on the site of an apothecary garden laid out by the botanist William Turner. In 1840, the gardens became the National Botanical Garden. The George III Palace, open to tourists, is located on the territory of the garden. There are three huge greenhouses in Kew Gardens. The Palm House greenhouse was built in the time of Queen Victoria, it allows you to enjoy the flowering of camellias and orchids in January, to see many tropical plants. The second greenhouse of the Temperate house or "House of temperate climate" boasts rhododendrons, tea trees, as well as a 150-year-old wine palm, the birthplace of which is Chile. The most modern Greenhouse of the Princess of Wales is rightfully proud of the Amazonian giant water lily and Amorphophallus titanic, a plant that has the largest flower of all existing.

The Kew Garden is a large space, a well-groomed green lawn with paved paths. Trees and shrubs grow here, a variety of coniferous and deciduous, common and rare. There are also many flower beds, alleys and interesting buildings. There are separate zones in different styles of landscape design, a Japanese garden, for example. It is good at any time of the year. In a separate greenhouse of Alpine House there is a collection of alpine alpine plants that are difficult to see in nature - they grow too high. There are two large rose gardens in Kew, where all sorts of varieties and varieties of these beautiful flowers are collected. The alley with arches covered with climbing roses is especially popular. On the territory of Kew Gardens, you can ride on a special tourist tram, such a tram works on the hop-on-hop-of principle (jump-jump).

Project Eden

The Eden Project in Cornwall (Great Britain) is a unique botanical garden, which presents the three most common climatic zones of the Earth. This paradise consists of two greenhouse complexes and an open-air exposition. The idea of the project is not only the cultivation of plants, but also ecological education of visitors, a way to show the important role of plants in the life of mankind. The Eden project is not just a garden or a greenhouse for growing plants. Biomes have created natural conditions for plants from different parts of the planet, including temperature and humidity, illumination and air composition. The microclimate is maintained in automatic mode.

A larger biome with an area of 1.5 hectares, its maximum length is 240 m, the height of the largest dome is 55 meters, and the diameter is 110 meters. Its climate mimics the equatorial tropics (humidity, heat and high carbon dioxide content). In such conditions, tropical plants grow well and bear fruit. Coffee and banana trees, bamboo and rubber plants can be found on the territory of the biome. A smaller greenhouse - the Mediterranean biome - occupies 0.6 hectares of area. Its maximum height is 35 meters, width is 65 meters, and the total length is 135 meters. A subtropical microclimate suitable for olives and grapes has been created in the biome. The plantings are decorated with original sculptures.

The greenhouses are connected by a covered walkway, and a third biome is located around them, representing a temperate climate. Sunflowers, tea bushes, hops and other plants of the middle band feel great in the open air of Great Britain. Plantings are interspersed with sculptural compositions, for example, Weee Man is a symbol of discarded equipment. Thus, the Eden project is not just a giant greenhouse. It is a symbol of the unity of man and nature, a sign of the triumph of reason and respect for the planet.

The White Cliffs of Dover

The White Cliffs are part of the North Downs Natural formation. As you understand, the name of the rock was due to its color. It, in turn, is caused by the presence of chalk in rocks. Moreover, its content tends to 100%. An interesting feature of White rocks is given by inclusions of black flint. The formation of White Rocks took a very long time. About seventy million years ago, Great Britain and most of Europe were at the bottom of the ocean, which consisted of white mud. It consisted mainly of fragments of coccoliths (these are calcium carbonate particles formed by microscopic algae), with a small admixture of the remains of plankton and small crustaceans. The White Cliffs are often called the gateway to England, as this is the first place that people who arrive on the island by sea see. Don't forget, this is the narrowest part of the strait, the most suitable for crossing from the mainland. This stretch of coast is very important from a geographical point of view. Both in the First and in the Second World War, significant battles took place here. You can see reminders of this in World War II shelters made right in the chalk cliffs. In addition, there is the medieval Castle of Dover nearby. It was founded in the 11th century and described as the "Key to England" because of its defensive significance throughout history. It is the largest castle in England.

Stones "Needles"

Needles on the Isle of Wight is an impressive limestone geological formation located in the western part of the Isle of Wight, England. Three up-pointed rocks lined up in a row towards the lighthouse of the mid-nineteenth century.

The name "Needles" was inspired by the fourth needle-shaped rock called "Lot's Wife", which collapsed in 1764 during a severe storm. Despite the fact that the stones have no resemblance to the characteristic shape of the needle by which they were named, the name has stuck and is relevant to this day. The lighthouse was built by the British Lighthouse Management Bureau and commissioned in 1859. It remained in operation until 1994. Further on the island, among the beautiful rocks, a monument to Guglielmo Marconi rises directly from the sea in honor of his radio experiments of 1897/1900, as a result of which radio broadcasts were created.

Needles was the location of an artillery battery from the 1860s to 1954, which was eventually decommissioned. The nearby High Down site was used in missile testing for the British ICBM program, as well as for testing the Black Knight and Black Arrow rocket engines from 1956-71. During the peak of activity in the early 1960s, the complex employed about 240 people. These rockets were later used to launch the Prospero X-3 satellite. The area is now owned by the National Trust and is open to the public. Concrete structures remain, but the buildings were demolished, or collapsed under the influence of the elements. In 1982, His Royal Highness Prince Charles officially opened the restored Needles factory. The underground missile test rooms are currently being restored for the exhibition. The first stage of restoration was completed in 2004.

Lake District National Park

The Lake District National Park is located in the north-western part of England in the county of Cumbria, it occupies almost 2,300 sq. km of mountainous territory with numerous forests, hills, marshes and lakes. The largest lakes have names: Ullswater, Windermere, Derwentwater and Bassenthwaite. The National Park is full of amazing landscapes and picturesque corners. It is believed that this area served as the prototype of the Lake District in the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, and was also praised by many artists and poets. There is even the concept of "Lake School", which includes poets of the XVIII-XIX centuries, who drew their inspiration there. These include such famous personalities as Coleridge and Wordsworth

For an approximate orientation when drawing up routes, you can select several significant places that will be interesting to see almost any tourist:

Lakes: Alswater, Windermere, Keswick - you can take a walk on them by boat or ferry. You can also walk along the shore, enjoying the picturesque places.
The town of Keswick, which stands on the shore of the lake of the same name. It is a typical town for these places with its own peculiarities of life and architecture, there is also a pencil museum.
The Castlereagh Stone Circle is a structure created at the end of the Neolithic - the beginning of the Early Bronze Age by Celtic tribes. It is less grandiose than Stonehenge, but it will be very interesting to watch for both adults and children. The largest stone has the name Long Meg, they say that if you put your ear to the stone, you can hear its whisper.
Eyra Force Waterfall - has a peaceful calm atmosphere. This is an ideal place for those people who want to relax body and soul.
William Wordsworth's manor house.
A ruined Roman fortress in the gorge of Hardnot Pass.

Tresco Abbey Gardens

Tresco Abbey Gardens are located on Tresco Island in the Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom. The 17-acre gardens were laid out by the owner of the islands in the nineteenth century, Augustus Smith, originally as a private garden on the grounds of a house that he designed and built. The gardens are classified as Class I in the Register of Historical Parks and Gardens. Today, the garden is a haven for about 2,000 specimens from all over the southern hemisphere and subtropics, from Brazil to New Zealand; Myanmar to South Africa. The garden impresses both with its ridiculous presence on a tiny island abandoned in the Atlantic, and with an incredible variety of exotic plants from all over the world that thrive in the English garden.

A multitude of succulents, towering palm trees and giant fiery red lipstick-colored trees fringe the lush grid of paths crossing the gardens. Countless winding paths pass through the flowers of the royal protea and the handsome Lobster Claw, huge blue spires of echium, shiny furcrays, strelitzias and shockingly pink thickets of pelargoniums.

The face of the garden changes throughout the year. In spring, flowers bloom weeks earlier than on the mainland - the perfect tonic after a long cold winter. In autumn, the seasonal red, gold and amber leaves contrast with the magnificent proteas, aloes and camellias. Even during the winter solstice, about 300 species of plants usually bloom.

Beth Chatto Gardens

Beth Chatto Gardens, now known as Beth Chatto Plants and Gardens, is an unofficial collection of historically significant gardens listed on the Grade II National Heritage List for England. Ecological gardens were created in 1960 by plant breeder Beth Chatto from the gravel soil and swamps of an abandoned fruit farm owned by her husband, botanist Andrew Chatto. This is a series of gardens that demonstrate examples of sustainable plantings based on Beth Chatto's idea of "the right plant in the right place". The gardens are located in the White Barn House in the village of Elmstead Market, 9.7 km east of Colchester in Essex, England.

The water garden was laid out on the site of a former swamp. It includes a cascade of four reservoirs separated by dams. The water garden contains aquatic, coastal and swamp plants for wet places.

The forest Garden was founded in 1988. It contains herbaceous plants characteristic of forest phytocenoses with a lack of sunlight. On the territory of the garden there is a tea house and a souvenir shop, as well as a garden center where you can buy many of the plants that grow in the garden.

The gravel garden was laid out in 1991. Its peculiarity is that it contains xerophytic plants, so the garden is almost never watered. This is the world's first dry garden, and given the fact that the garden is located in one of the driest areas of England, it was a bold undertaking. The garden experienced an extremely dry summer in 1995. The garden is decorated in a landscape style.

The garden of rocky scree was laid out with plants of the Mediterranean climate in 1999. The garden contains plants that are used to create alpine slides.

Currently, they include a Gravel Garden, a Forest Garden, a Water Garden, a Long Shady Alley, a Reservoir Garden (redesigned by Head gardener Asa Gregers-Varg and director of the Garden and nursery David Ward with Beth's participation) and a Scree Garden. The development of these places prompted Beth Chatto to write gardening books about what can be considered "problem areas", using plants that nature has developed to survive in various conditions.

Baskot Park

Bascot Park is a piece of real England in Oxfordshire, near London. This old estate, located in a rather provincial corner, is popular among tourists due to its cozy and mysterious atmosphere, which evokes an association with the novels of Agatha Christie. Many tours to England include a visit to this quiet but very pleasant place. The garden occupies an area of about 8ha and surrounds a 13th-century mansion, but it was created at the beginning of the 20th. This estate used to belong to Lord Faringdon, now it is owned by the National Trust.

The garden includes the luxurious surroundings of the ancient Faringdon mansion with a family collection of paintings and other art objects, ceramics, furniture. Lord Faringdon III and his wife still live in this house and continue to replenish their rich collection. There you can see an interesting landscape of the park with oak, hornbeam and poplar alleys, huge Lebanese cedars, chestnuts, maples and beeches. The design of the park is replete with tree and shrub decorative groups, garden vases and flower beds, luxurious stamp roses. There are many stone statues, garden bowls, gazebos, stairs, bridges, wide garden swing sofas harmoniously inscribed into the overall picture. The most interesting find that Bascot Park is famous for is the breakdown of a water garden on its territory. The author of the project is the landscape architect Harold Peto, famous in the UK at the beginning of the last century.

Список литературы

24.04.2023