Урок английского языка "Экстремальные явления природы"

Разделы: Иностранные языки

Цели и задачи урока:

  • повторить изученные темы;
  • развивать навыки аудирования, говорения, чтения, перевода;
  • углублять межпредметные связи и знания учащихся по другим предметам, в частности географии.

Ход урока

I.

Урок начинается с оргмомента, во время которого учитель сообщает учащимся тему (слайд 2) и говорит о тех задачах, которые предстоит решить в ходе урока.

“Hello, everybody. Glad to see you. Sit down, please. Today we are going to talk about extreme natural phenomena and we’ll learn a lot of interesting facts”.

II.

Далее следует фонзарядка. Учащиеся читают и переводят две рифмовки, связанные с погодой и явлениями природы (слайд 3).

“First comes warming-up. Let’s review two rhymes about the weather.”

Rainbow at night
Is the sailor’s delight.
Rainbow at morning,
Sailor, take warning!
Evening red and morning grey
Are the signs of a bonny day.
Evening grey and morning red
Bring down rain on the farmer’s head.

III.

Далее учащиеся знакомятся с названиями некоторых экстремальных явлений природы по-английски (слайд 4). Если учащиеся затрудняются перевести то или иное слово, они, как всегда на уроке, могут воспользоваться словарем.

“Look at the blackboard /screen/. Let’s read and translate some extreme natural phenomena”.

  1. An eclipse.
  2. A tsunami.
  3. A typhoon.
  4. A hurricane.
  5. A tornado.
  6. An eruption.
  7. An earthquake.
  8. A flood.

После того как слова переведены и отработано их правильное произношение, учащимся предлагаются объяснения всех этих слов (слайд 4):

“And now you can see the definitions of these extreme natural phenomena. Read and match. Five minutes at your disposal.”

a. a violent storm with extremely strong winds and heavy rains.

b. a process when a volcano explodes inside and flames, rocks and lava come out of the top.

c. a large amount of water that covers an area that was dry before.

d. a short period when all or part of the Sun or Moon becomes dark because of the positions of the Sun, Moon and Earth in relation to each other.

e. a tropical storm with strong winds

f. a sudden shaking movement of the ground

g. a very strong wind that goes quickly round in a circle or funnel

h. a very large wave that causes a lot of damage when it hits the land

Учащиеся самостоятельно читают и переводят определение слов и соотносят слово с его определением, например 1-b, 2-g и т.д. Когда большинство учащихся справилось с заданием, учитель предлагает учащимся проверить себя, показав правильные варианты ответов:1-d, 2-h, 3-e,4-a,5-g,6-b, 7-f, 8-c (слайд 5).

После этого учащиеся по очереди читают получившиеся предложения (слайд 5).

“And now let’s read and translate these sentences.”

  1. An eclipse is a short period when all or part of the Sun or Moon becomes dark because of the positions of the Sun, Moon and Earth in relation to each other.
  2. A tsunami is a very large wave that causes a lot of damage when it hits the land.
  3. A typhoon is a tropical storm with strong winds.
  4. A hurricane is a violent storm with extremely strong winds and heavy rains.
  5. A tornado is a very strong wind that goes quickly round in a circle or funnel.
  6. An eruption is a process when a volcano explodes inside and flames, rocks and lava come out of the top.
  7. An earthquake is a sudden shaking movement of the ground.
  8. A flood is a large amount of water that covers an area that was dry before.

Далее учащиеся задают вопросы, ответами на которые служат получившиеся предложения (слайд 6):

“Now let’s read and answer the questions.”

  1. What is …?
  2. Which of these natural phenomena is the most dangerous? Why?
  3. Have you ever seen anything like this yourself?
  4. Where do … often happen on the Earth?
  5. What famous volcanoes do you know? Where are they?
  6. Why do people give names to tornadoes? to typhoons? to hurricanes?

Данный вид работы проводится в нескольких режимах: ученик – ученик, класс - ученик, ученик – класс.

IV.

Следующий этап урока – работа с текстом “Volcanoes” (слайд 7).

“Next comes the text “Volcanoes”. Your task is to read and translate it. Try to understand as much as possible”.

There are a lot of volcanoes on the Earth. A volcano is a mountain that forces hot gas, rocks, ash and lava into the air through a hole at the top. Some volcanoes are not immediately dangerous because they are not active and have become dormant. Others will never be dangerous again because they are completely extinct. Active volcanoes can erupt. Some of them erupt slowly and quietly. This slow eruption can last for months or even years. Sometimes volcanoes erupt very quickly and noisily.

Under the surface of the earth it is very hot. The rocks are not hard and solid. They are thick and liquid. This liquid rock is called magma. Sometimes there is an opening in the rocks on the surface. Then magma can come up through this opening and the volcano erupts. Dust and pieces of rock are thrown up into the air. Red hot lava pours down the sides of the mountains. Later on, the lava cools and becomes hard rock.

Затем учащимся предлагается восстановить в предложениях правильный порядок слов (слайд 8).

“Your next task is to arrange these sentences in a proper way. Do it in written form.”

  1. into the air; a volcano; hot gas, rocks, ash and lava; that; is; forces; a mountain; through a hole at the top
  2. and; active volcanoes; on the Earth; there are; dormant volcanoes; extinct volcanoes
  3. on the surface; there is; an opening in the rocks; sometimes
  4. and; erupts; can come up; the magma; through this opening; the volcano
  5. into the air; are thrown up; hot gas, rocks, ash and lava
  6. down the sides of the mountains; pours; red hot lava
  7. cools; becomes; the lava; hard rock; and
  8. thick and liquid; under the surface of the earth; and; are; the rocks; are called magma; they

Когда учащиеся заканчивают выполнять данное задание, они сами проверяют себя.

“ Now look at the screen again and check yourselves.”

  1. A volcano is a mountain that forces hot gas, rocks, ash and lava into the air through a hole at the top.
  2. There are active volcanoes, dormant volcanoes and extinct volcanoes on the Earth.
  3. Sometimes there is an opening in the rocks on the surface.
  4. The magma can come up through this opening and the volcano erupts.
  5. Hot gas, rocks, ash and lava are thrown up into the air.
  6. Red hot lava pours down the sides of the mountains.
  7. The lava cools and becomes hard rock.
  8. Under the surface of the earth the rocks are thick and liquid and they are called magma.

V.

На экране появляется анимированная картинка извержения вулкана. Учащиеся смотрят на нее и их задача – прокомментировать то, что происходит на экране, заполнив выноски (слайд 10).

“Look at the screen please. The volcano is erupting. Please comment what is happening.”

После этого задания, если позволяет время, можно предложить учащимся посмотреть небольшой видеофрагмент (правда, на русском языке) об извержении вулкана (видеофрагмент взят из электронной версии энциклопедии Кирилла и Мефодия).

После видеофрагмента один из учащихся по-английски рассказывает, как происходит извержение вулкана (слайд 12).

VI.

Следующий этап урока посвящен городу Помпеи. В течение пяти-семи минут учащиеся самостоятельно читают текст (слайд 13), а затем выполняют несколько заданий к этому тексту.

“Your next task is to read the text about the Italian town of Pompeii. While reading choose the best title for the text from your point of view.”

North of Pompeii there is a mountain called Mount Vesuvius. It is a volcano. The people who lived in Pompeii two thousand years ago were not afraid of the volcano. It had been quiet for eight hundred years.

Then in August one year strange things started to happen. People heard noises under the ground. The water in their wells disappeared. Birds flew away from the town. Animals were frightened. On August 24th Mount Vesuvius erupted. Hot dust and rock was thrown 20kilometres into the air. Red-hot lava and rock poured down the sides of the mountain. The wind was blowing towards Pompeii and the hot dust fell on the town. It made breathing difficult for people. Many people ran away but many people stayed there. They did not know that a wall of lava was coming towards the town at more than 1000 kilometres an hour. The next day the town of Pompeii was buried under four metres of lava. Everyone who had stayed in the town died. The town stayed buried until 1860. in that year archaeologists started to move the rock which covered the town. They found temples, theatres, shops and houses, paintings, jewelry and coins. They found the town just as it was nearly two thousand years ago when it disappeared under the lava from Mount Vesuvius.

Учащимся дается четыре названия текста, они выбирают лучшее с их точки зрения (слайд 13).

Следующее задание, которое учащиеся выполняют по тексту – это определить соответствует предложение тексту или нет (слайд 14) .

“Read these sentences and say whether they are true or false”.

  1. The people of Pompeii were frightened of Mount Vesuvius.
  2. Nothing unusual happened before the volcano erupted.
  3. It was a very big eruption.
  4. The lava moved slowly.
  5. When the volcano erupted, everybody left the town.
  6. The town was buried for nearly 2,000 years.

Следующее задание к тексту – это работа с числительными, которых в тексте довольно много (слайд 15). Сначала учащиеся вспоминают, как читаются по-английски количественные двухзначные, трехзначные, четырехзначные и порядковые числительные, затем они составляют минидиалоги (слайд 15):

- Give me a number, please.

- (a number)

- (a sentence from the text)

Другой вариант этого же минидиалога:

- Give me a number, please.

- (a number)

- (a question)

- (an answer)

VII.

Следующее задание, предлагаемое учащимся, заключается в следующем. Учащимся дается информация про два известных вулкана – Везувий и Кракатау (слайд 17). Многие факты перепутаны. Задача учащихся – правильно распределить информацию на две группы.

“Now look at the screen again, please. You see some information about the two famous volcanoes. Some of these facts are mixed up. Please divide all this information into two groups correctly.”

Vesuvius

  1. 2,000 years ago Pompeii was a busy town.
  2. There was a volcano on this island.
  3. The volcano had been quiet for 800 years.
  4. The volcano erupted on the 26th of August, 1883.
  5. The waves in the sea were 15 metres high.
  6. Hot dust and rock was thrown 20 kilometres into the air.
  7. About 36,000 people died.
  8. People heard the noise of the eruption 4,300 kilometres away from the island.
  9. The ash from the volcano covered the area of 800,000 km2.
  10. They found the town just as it was nearly two thousand years ago.

Krakatoa

  1. It was a small beautiful island in Indonesia.
  2. North of the town there was a volcano.
  3. The volcano erupted on the 24th of August, 73.
  4. A wall of lava was coming towards the town at more than 100 kilometres an hour.
  5. The waves travelled 13,000 kilometres and destroyed houses and villages.
  6. The town was buried under 4 metres of lava.
  7. About 20,000 people died.
  8. In 1860 archeologists started to move the rock which covered the town.
  9. For three years people all over the world saw beautiful bright sunsets because of the dust from Krakatoa.
  10. The volcano erupted again in 1927 and in 1950.

После выполнения задания учащиеся снова получают возможность проверить себя сами (слайды 18 и 19).

И последнее задание учащихся – выбрать любой из двух вулканов и рассказать о нем. В качестве вступления к своему рассказу учащиеся могут использовать уже известную им информацию (слайды 4,7, 9).

“Now choose any volcano you like more and make a story about it. You can use all the information about volcanoes you know. You can begin with the definition of a volcano, how it erupts, etc”.

VIII.

Домашнее задание учащихся носит творческий характер и включает несколько вариантов:

– подготовить презентацию про вулканы
- написать сочинение об извержении Везувия или Кракатау с точки зрения репортера - очевидца или жителя этого города/острова
- найти информацию о каком-нибудь другом известном вулкане

IX. Подведение итогов урока, выставление оценок.

“Our lesson is over. I hope you learnt a lot of new and interesting information. Your marks are … Thank you for your work. Good bye”.

Презентация