DEBATE LESSON
Цель урока: Развитие коммуникативных навыков на основе технологии дебатов.
Задачи урока:
Практические:
- отработка коммуникативной мотивации обучения, направленной на практическое овладение английским языком;
- тренировать учащихся в умении вести аргументированный спор; слышать друг друга;
- развивать навыки монологической и диалогической речи;
Развивающие цели:
- развитие логического и критического мышления, памяти;
- развитие творческих способностей учащихся;
Воспитательные цели:
- социокультурное развитие учащихся;
- создание полноценной мотивации к изучению иностранного языка;
- воспитание общей культуры ведения спора и толерантности;
Оборудование:
- таблицы с правилами проведения дебатов, магнитная доска или интерактивная доска, карточки со словами
Lesson Plan
Warm Up.
Teacher: Hello, everybody! Today we have an unusual lesson, a Debate lesson. Let’s revise key terms we need for the lesson. Guess the word, spell it and make up a sentence with it (students get cards with first and last letters of the word and dots instead of others, or you may click the words with the help of computer on the interactive board). For example:
To a…e (argue), a…t (argument).
Pupil1: It is a word “to argue”. People often argue in everyday life.
Pupil2: It is a word “an argument”. We often get angry during the argument.
Key terms: to debate, a conflict, to get angry, to get upset, to persuade, to show respect, to keep one’s cool, to be tongue-tied.
Teacher: Very well, and now, guess what do people often think about they hear the word “Debate”?
Pupil1: Hearted discussions?
Pupil2: Personal opinions?
Pupil3: Search for a compromise?
Teacher: And what, if I say it’s just a game, intellectual sport. If has a quiet, friendly atmosphere, but as a game debate has rules and tine limits, players and teams, observers and judges. We have already spoken about it.
Do you remember what debate it?
Pupil1:A debate is a well – organized , structured argument. There are two “sides” in a debate 2 they take turns in spealcing. Each side is expected to listen to the other side and to “clash” with what they say.
T.right. Now lets remind ourselves on the argument. Answer my questions:
T-Is arguing a debating the same or not?
P1-Its about the same, but a debate is an organized argument.
T-What do we usually argue about?
P2-we argue about things we know about and things that are important to us. If we don’t know anything about the subject or if we don’t care, we probably wont argue.
T-What is important to do in the argument?
P3-Its important to listen carefully, do show respect, yourself cool, to give examples and to speak slowly, clearly and in a pleasant voice.
T-How do people usually feel when they argue?
P4-Some people get upset when they argue? Dithers are tongue-tied and don’t know what to say, all are nervous.
T-What should we do to argue well?
P5-In my opinion, we should practice. The more we argue the more confident we are. The more confident we are the better we argue.
T-Is arguing bad or not?
-As far as I can judge it is good. People argue all the time: politicians, lawyers, businessmen, even people shopping at the market. We argue to persuade other people about things we care about. If we don’t express our opinion, nothing will change.
T-And the last question: What are signs of a good argument?
P6-As far as I remember they are: time to talk and time to listen, calm voices, respectful behavior, and a desire to listen and think about the other person’s feelings and ideas.
T – Very well, I think this will help you to brainstorm the resolution “There is no use in debating? “ I hope you remember that there is usually a negative and affirmative team. Affirmative always agrees with the resolution. And negative always disagrees with it. Let us try do be in both shoves. Look for ideas do agree or disagree with the statement. Work in groups, then you’ll introduce your ideas.
/Students present their ideas either on posters or on interactive board, it depends on facilities./
T – Now let’s listen to your presentations. “Yes” group, welcome.
Ps – We’d like to introduce our ideas to prove the resolution “There’s no use in debate.’
1- It’s waste of time. Instead of doing something really useful we simply talk and talk.
2 – You may get upset or angry. So it’s bad for your nerves and health in general.
3 – People usually don’t listen to each other and never change their opinion on the opposite at the end of debate.
4 – If you are tongue-tied nothing can help, especially debate.
5 – Debate is unnatural artificial argument and it develops pretence.
6 – There’s no answer in debate ‘ Who or what is right?’ So what for to argue?
7 – It can make people hostile. Being indifferent at the beginning you may become hostile at the end cause you haven’t managed to convince the other side.
/The leader of the first group or pupils express and demonstrate their ideas against debates./
T- Thank you. It’s a serious investigation. And now – “N
Ps express and demonstrate their ideas.
To confirm there is use in debate We’d like to draw your attention to the following arguments:
1 – It’s a useful thing cause it teaches you to argue, and people often argue in everyday life.
2 – It helps to put your thoughts in order.
3 – It helps in moral development cause it teaches to be respectful, to listen attentively, to keep cool.
4 – It’ll help to deal with people in the future, cause it teaches us to think about the other person’s feelings and ideas.
5 – we argue to persuade other people about things we care about. If we don’t express oue opinion, nothing will change.
6 – Debate develops confidence, the more confident we are the better. We will be at arguing well. At this may help us in our future career.
7 – It teaches how to argue it gives regulations. You won’t be able to argue without thinking if you’ve got accustomed to debate.
T-Great, now I think some of you are how ready do debate the resolution “there is no use in debate.”
P- Cam we have some time to prepare mini-speeches?
T- An right 5 minutes. Get ready.
Pupils make mini-speeches in writing or orally. The teacher consults them it they need help.
T-Now let’s have one-to-one debate as for as we don’t have much time left. P1 and P2, choose the colour. No doubt, you remember “red” is for affirmative, and “blue” for negative.
Teacher has in his/her fists red and blue small magnets or buttons. P1 and P2 choose in turn.
T-Well P1 is negative and P2- is affirmative. Affirmative is always the first. So, P2, take the floor. P1 remember of cross-examination. Time-keeper is P3. Keep the time well. For speech you have 3 minutes and 2 minutes for cross-examination. Pupils4, 5, 6- You are the judges. Let’s start.
P2-Honored judges! Respected opponeud, dear guests!
There is no use in debate. I’ll try to prove it in my speech.
In my eyes to debate is just to beat the air. It’s simply a waist at time. Instead of doing something really useful (grammar exercises for example) we heat about the bush. Firstly, when arguing people may get upset or even angry, so it’s bad for their nerves. Furthermore people usually don’t listen to each other when they argue. And there is no answer in debate “who or what is right”? So what far to argue? Yesterday I argued with my mom who didn’t let me going out. Right now in my life friends mean everything to me. I don’t hang out with a bad crowd. But she simply did hear the word I said, cause she didn’t wanted or tried. So, I didn’t managed to convince her, we both became nervous. “There is no use in debate”.
T-Time-keeper shows she managed the time well. So, now cross-examination.
Cross-examination
P1-What makes you think that people never listen to each other?
P2-The fact, that they never change the opinion on the opposite at the end of the argument.
P1-You think people shouldn’t argue, right?
P2-Well, I think there’s no use in debate.
P1-Well, but can we live without it?
P2-Maybe we can’t, but an argument should be real, not artificial, and anyway they are useless.
P1-Maybe it’s because we can’t express ourselves and put our thoughts and tellings into words?
P2-Maybe somebody can’t, I think I can.
T-Now it’s time for negative speaker’s speeches. Welcome.
P1-Honored judges! Respected opponent! Dear guests! There is use in debate! I’d like prove. Russian proverb says “Arguments give birth to the truth”. British proverb says “Truth lies at bottom of a well.’ To get to the bottom we should start working .In other words we should practice arguing, it helps you to put your thoughts in order. And it’s not a waste of time cause people constantly argue in every day life. Debate can help us to deal with people in the future. Moreover it teaches people to be respectful, to listen attentively, to keep cool. You should have tried to find words and examples that would have convinced your mother. I also have a story to ten you, will convince your mother, I quarreled with my friend. Then there was a discussion in our class. Who is a real friend? “After it we realized that. “A friend in need is a friend in deed”, and it helped us to make friends again. So it demonstrates perfectly well there is use in debate. We argue to persuade other people about things we care for. If we don’t express our opinions, nothing will change. But people should be taught to do it, especially our politicians, and deputies first of all sum up. To he doubt there is use in debates.
T – Thank you. Now, your cross examination.
P2 – You say. “ to understand things we need do argue. Right?
P1 – I say arguing helps to understood things.
P2 – Did you really need arguing to under – stand that “A friend in need is a friend indeed “
P1 – You may be surprised, but yes. At that moment just discussion reminded me on this common knowledge and helped to realize it is.
P2 – Do you really listen to the opposite side in an argument? Don’t you just express yourself?
P1 – I try to listen now when I realize how important it is.
P2 – Do you really think words or debate can change life or the world for the better?
P1 –I hope everybody remembers the phrase /There was a word at the beginning…’As you see ‘a word’ is really very powerful.
T – Our time-keeper shows that the time is over. And now I’d like our jury to express their opinion and to say results.
The judge – Respected opponents! Dear guests! Both speakers managed the time well, showed respect to each other and to everybody present. They’ve spoken in a pleasant voice. They tried to be convincing. Both used quotations appropriately in our opinion. They listened to each other. There was some analyses of the issue on both sides. They both stayed on task. But in our eyes a negative speaker was a bit more convincing, especially in cross-examination. So speaker number 2 is a winner.
T – Thank you, gear jury.. At the end I’d like to thank all of you for your active work and wish and ability to do it. Excellent! At home think of resolutions you’d like to debate and explain why it should be debated.