Учебные предметы: Английский язык и информатика.
Цели и задачи:
Планируемый результат:
Учащиеся должны знать – назначение и
свойства программы Power Point по информатике и
лексические единицы по теме “Environmental Protection” на
английском языке.
Тип урока: Урок закрепления изученного материала
Методы обучения:
- проблемный,
- частично – поисковый,
- объяснительно – иллюстративный.
Форма организации деятельности учащихся: Фронтальная и групповая
План урока:
I. Вводное слово учителей (Чапуриной Инны Анатольевны и Носковой Ксении Юрьевны)
II. Защита презентаций:
- Презентация “Глобальные проблемы” - Ишбулатов Руслан и Гутора Алексей
- Презентация “Вода” - Трухина Ольга и Черняев Алексей
- Презентация “Воздух” - Бузмакова Александра и Фондикова Екатерина
- Презентация “Мусор” - Попов Максим и Гаврилин Антон
- Презентация “Нижний Тагил” - Одегов Алексей и Печатнов Александр
III. Подведение итогов защиты презентаций.
Оборудование и материалы: компьютеры, мультимедиапроектор, цифровой фотоаппарат, сканнер, аудиозапись.
Ход урока:
- Организационный момент.
- Ход урока
Урок посвящен экологическим проблемам, как глобальным, так и касающимся нашего города. В течение нескольких уроков учащиеся знакомились с лексикой по теме “Экология” на уроках английского языка, собирали информацию, провели исследовательскую работу, делали фотографии экологически неблагоприятных районов города, готовили слайд – проекты на уроках информатики по теме “Работа с графикой”. Сегодня на уроке учащиеся представят результаты своей работы.
Начало презентаций:
Презентация № 1“Глобальные проблемы” (Приложение 1)
The planet Earth is our common home. Everything is connected on the Earth. If something goes wrong in some parts of the world everybody suffers. People’s activities can make the environment unhealthy.
And now the mankind faces a lot of ecological problems:
- global warming
- acid rain
- air pollution
- extinction of many species of plants and animals
- land pollution
- water pollution
- radiation
Global warming. The Earth has been getting hotter because we are producing too much “greenhouse gases”. These gases hold the heat. The greenhouse effect may soon become the great problem in the world. Global warming could raise temperatures and sea levels around the world.
Acid rain: Sulphur dioxide is produced when fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and petrol, are burnt. Rain washes it out of the air but this creates “acid rain” which pollutes water supplies, damages crops, forests and buildings, and may also affect people’s health.
Air pollution: Worldwide, the problem of air pollution has grown. More and more factories, cars and trucks keep polluting the air. Gases which are in refrigerators and sprays damage the ozone layer that covers the earth and protects us from the dangerous rays of the sun.
But the battle against air pollution is also growing. Many cities still have dirty air. So, many countries are making laws against air pollution. And scientists keep looking for ways to make factories and cars run cleaner.
Extinction of many species of plants and animals: A lot of species of animals and plants have become extinct because of the destruction of habitats. Extinction is forever. .
Wilderness areas are facing the problem of environmental pressures of development, pollution and even “love” of too many hikers, campers and visitors. Preserving these areas is an essential goal facing governments and private citizens.
Land pollution: One of the problems of land pollution is making large piles of trash. Our world may be covered with dirt and gasping for air. Another problem is using too many chemicals to grow vegetables and fruit. These chemicals in the ground can harm the soil.
Water pollution: All living things need water to live. Next to the air we breathe, water is our important need. Without water the Earth would look like the Moon. Water is in danger now. Most big cities pour their waste into seas and rivers. Rivers are drying out driving away birdlife. Industries must use less water by recycling it. Water is a bargain…but we must use it wisely.
Radiation: Of course, the worst kind of pollution comes from nuclear power. It can make the air, water and soil become radioactive because it produces radioactive waste. It can be dangerous for thousand of years.
THE EARTH
Did you know, did you know
That the Earth is a star?
Somebody far, far away
At the end of the day
Looks out on the sky
With the stars swimming by
And cries:”Oh, how bright
The Earth is tonight!
How wonderful it must be, how rare,
To be born on the bright, bright Earth up there!
How the streams must shine!
How the grass must glisten
When the dew is risen!How clear and fine the rays must fall
On the radiant seas
And the fountains tall
Of the lustrous trees!
On the glittering wall of the holly-hedge
And the sparkling sedge
By the pearly pool!
How the mud must gleam,
And the hill-tops beam!
How full, how full of light it must be
To live on the bright, bright Earth I see!
Turning up there, burning up there,
Swimming away on the lambent air!"
Didn't you know you are born on a star! Well, you are.
Презентация № 2 “Вода ” (Приложение 2)
Water is important to everyone. Water covers over two-thirds of our planet, makes up over two-thirds of our bodies, and is present in almost every type of food and drink. In fact, we cannot live without water.
WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT WATER?
What if there wasn't any water on Earth?
There wouldn't be any trees... or animals... or humans. All living things need water to live. Next to the air we breathe, water is our most important need. Without water the Earth would look like the Moon.
- The human body is 70 per cent water.
- Every system in our body uses water.
- Water makes up 83 per cent of our blood.
- Water transports body wastes.
- Water lubricates body joints.
- Water keeps our body's temperature stable.
- Water is a part of cells which make up all living things.
Human beings can live several weeks without food, but only a few days without water. Each day, we must take in at least eight glasses of water. But drinking water or other liquids provide only half the water we need. The other half comes from the food we eat.
WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT WATER ... ON EARTH?
- Almost 80 per cent of the Earth's surface is covered with water.
- Ninety-seven per cent of the water on Earth is salt water. Salt water is filled with salt and other minerals. Humans cannot drink this water. It is too difficult and expensive to remove the salt.
- Two per cent of the water on Earth is glacier ice at the North and South Poles. This ice is fresh water and could be melted down. It is too far away from where people live to be usable.
- Less than 1 per cent of all the water on Earth is fresh water that we can actually use. We use this small amount of water for drinking, transportation, heating and cooling, industry, and many other purposes.
POTENTIAL THREATS TO OUR WATER SUPPLY
Water can be polluted with human and/or chemical wastes. Each deep underground aquifers can be polluted from the surface. For example, oil thrown on the ground or in the sewer can pollute the water and is very hard to remove.
Many different types of contaminants can threaten our lakes, rivers, reservoirs, and groundwater wells. As a result, public water systems must work hard to make drinking water free of disease-causing contaminants and suitable for use. Following are some examples of the potential threats to our drinking water.
Threats from Nature
- Bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms;
- Naturally occurring radioactive materials such as radium and radon;
- Naturally occurring metals, such as arsenic, cadmium, and chromium;
- Nitrates and nitrites from the breakdown of organic wastes.
Threats from society
- Chemicals both legally and illegally discharged from industrial and other processes;
- Runoff from city streets, parking lots, and rooftops;
- Leakage of chemicals and wastes from underground storage tanks;
- Leach ate from landfills and waste dumps;
- Runoff of agricultural pesticides and fertilizers ;
- Injection of waste fluids into underground wells;
- Improper use and disposal of household wastes, such as used oil, cleaning products, and garden chemicals;
WHAT CAN YOU DO TO SAVE WATER ?
- Check inside faucets for leaks. Even a faucet with a small drip can waste a lot of water.
- Showers are more water efficient than baths.
- Keep showers to 5 minutes or less in length.
- Turn off the water while brushing your teeth or washing your hands
- Keep a pitcher of water in the refrigerator. Then you won't have to run tap water to cool it.
- Use dishwashers and clothes washers for fail loads only.
- Use a bucket of water to wash your bike or the family car.
- Be careful to water the plants, not the sidewalk.
- Water your plants at night or in the early morning to avoid evaporation.
- Check outside hoses, faucets and automatic sprinklers for leaks.
- Never throw oil or chemicals down the drain or into the ground.
- Use water only when you need it. Always turn it off when you are finished.
Презентация № 3 “Воздух” (Приложение 3)
AIR CARE
Worldwide, the problem of air pollution has grown. More and more factories, cars and trucks keep polluting the air.
People and animals need clean air with plenty of oxygen in it. Oxygen is added to the air by plants and you understand how important it is to have a lot of trees, bushes and grass.
Fume from the chimneys of factories, gases which are in refrigerators and sprays pollute the air. They damage the ozone layer that covers the earth. This layer of gas protects us from the dangerous rays of the sun. There are now holes in the ozone layer because there are too many gases in the air. With the help of sputniks our scientists discovered two large holes in the ozone layer. One is over the North Pole and the second over the South Pole.
Some people pollute the air by smoking. Too much smoke in the air can hurt our lungs.
Clean air is a precious resource.
The World Health Organization monitored air pollution round the world. They measured two things: the amount of sulphur dioxide in the air and the amount of suspended particles, in other words, smoke. Sulphur dioxide is produced when fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and petrol, are burnt. Rain washes it out of the air but this creates "acid rain" which pollutes water supplies, damages crops, forests and buildings, and may also affect people's health.
CARS AND ROADS
Almost 400 million vehicles fill the world's roads. Over 30 million new cars come from factories each year.
We all demand the right to mobility, but satisfying this demand frequently harms nature and the environment. The need for new roads causes great environmental difficulties. They often spoil the countryside and bring noise and air pollution to thousands of homes and millions of people.
Cars create more pollution than anything else in the world. Carbon dioxide from cars is making a hole in the ozone layer which protects the earth. Carbon monoxide from cars causes headaches. Hydrocarbons from cars cause cancer. Nitrogen oxide from cars causes bronchitis and lung disease. It also causes acid rain which kills trees, rivers and lakes.
Pollution from cars kills up to 30000 people a year in the USA. Children in California, for example, have a 15 per cent reduction in lung capacity for their whole lives.
Car parks use valuable space in towns and cities. Cars have claimed one third of all land area in the world's cities.
Cars use a lot of our limited amount of oil.
Unfortunately, it's difficult to do anything about all this because cars play an important part in the lives of many families, and the car industry employs large numbers of people.
Friends of the Earth suggest that the bicycle is the best way to travel because it's cheap, quiet and' riding keeps you healthy.
Презентация № 4 “Мусор ” (Приложение 4)
RUBBISH
American doctors believe that there is a new illness -"earth anxiety". What, is it? It's anxiety, or worry, about our environment. One of the main causes of worry is rubbish. Years ago we used to throw things away and not to think twice about it. Now people are beginning to learn the facts:
- In Britain, each family throws out one ton of rubbish each year.
- 90% of this rubbish goes into "landfill sites" - big holes in the ground in places far away from the city centers.
- Town councils burn 8% of the rubbish.
- Britain only recycles 2% of all rubbish.
- America produces 160 million tons of rubbish and recycles 10%.
- Britain is very bad at recycling compared with some other European countries.
- Britain recycles 16% of all glass bottles.
- Holland recycles 62% of all bottles.
- Britain recycles 5% of the aluminum from aluminum cans (Coca Cola cans, etc).
- Canada recycles 65% of all aluminum cans.
- Britain recycles 26% of all waste paper.
- Holland recycles 57% of waste paper.
Sheffield is one of Britain's cleanest cities. Each family has separate dustbins for different kinds of rubbish - one for bottles, one for plastic, one for paper and cloth, one for cans.
Tips for the Environmentally Aware
1. Reuse bags, containers, paper, boxes, and other items.
2. Buy reusable products.
3. Select products with the least wasteful packaging.
4. Buy products that can be recycled and make sure to recycle them.
5. Buy products made of recycled materials.
6. Buy, sell, or donate used goods such as clothes, furniture, and appliances.
7. Make sure your water faucets are turned off when you're not using them.
8. Be creative — look for opportunities to reduce trash!
Презентация № 5 “Нижний Тагил” (Приложение 5)
Итог урока:
Our lesson is almost over. We’ve spoken about global ecological problems and the importance of keeping the environment clean. Pollution is getting worse and worse. We are all responsible for our future. We must do our best to keep air, water and land clean. And remember: “Think globally, act locally!”
Слайд – проекты выполнены учащимися в соответствии с требованиями программы. Слайды логически выстроены, добавлено музыкальное сопровождение. Учащиеся справились с поставленной задачей.
Литература: