Цель проекта: создание дидактического материала с целью оказания помощи учащимся 8 класса при закреплении темы “Роль английского и русского языков в современном мире”
Задачи проекта:
- Развивать умения и навыки самостоятельного поиска информации по данной теме в различных источниках, вычленять необходимый материал из большого информационного поля, уметь правильно и эстетично оформлять результаты своей деятельности в виде презентации;
- Формировать навыки работы за компьютером, повышать информационную грамотность
- Провести анкетирование среди учащихся школы, иностранных студентов, исследовать уровень знаний об истории русского языка, его значимости в современном мире.
- Развивать творческие способности и коммуникабельность учащихся.
Основные проблемы, которые решает проект:
- Показать целостное представление об истории возникновения русского языка.
- Показать значимость русского языка в современном мире.
- Привлечь интерес иностранных студентов к изучению русского языка и дать им практические советы по изучению русского языка.
Тип проекта: учебный (по английскому языку, по теме “Зачем нужно учить русский язык?”), информационный
Организационные формы реализации проекта:
- Подготовка. Определение темы, цели и задач проекта. Формирование рабочей группы.
- Диагностика знаний и представлений учащихся о роли русского языка в современном мире. Анкетируемая аудитория - учащиеся 8-11 классов, студенты-иностранцы.
- Сбор материала по теме проекта. Определение источников информации.
- Обработка анкетных данных и составление диаграммы.
- Поездка рабочей группы на встречу с иностранными учащимися в гимназию №14 г. Волгограда.
- Творческий отчет рабочей группы о результатах встречи.
- Анализ информации и представление данной информации в форме презентации.
- Создание паспорта проекта.
- Устная презентация проекта в школе.
- Защита проекта на районном конкурсе.
Результаты работы над проектом:
поиск информации об истории
возникновения понятия “русский язык”, о языках
мира и месте русского языка среди них, об
особенностях изучения русского языка;
анкетирование и беседа с иностранными
студентами о русском языке.
Продуктом данного проекта является методический диск, который может быть использован на уроках английского языка по теме “Роль английского и русского языков в современном мире” в любой школе по любому учебному комплексу в качестве основного или дополнительного наглядного материала. (Приложение 1)
Содержание проекта на английском языке
Now Russian gets an increasing value in the most various spheres of world business. However among foreigners there are myths that learning this language is difficult. They say, Russian is spoken by few people and Russia is closed and dangerous country with a lot of problems. Therefore we will try to prove schoolboys, students, foreigners that it is necessary to study Russian to learn masterpieces of Russian literature, to join Russian culture and to know about the remarkable country Russia.
Aims of our project:
- To show the importance of the Russian language in the modern world; to prove that Russian is popular and extended.
- To show complete representation about the formation of the Russian language, to learn its history and borrowed words from other languages.
- To show that Russian culture takes the leading place in world culture, in various spheres of world business.
- To involve foreign students to study the Russian language.
We have asked 70 students of 8-11 classes.
The questions are:
1. The name of the language
2. It is the official language of (names of the countries)
3. How many people speak it as a first language?
4. People understand it in (names of the countries)
5. How many people speak it as a second language?
6. The origin of Russian language
7. Language that contributed to Russian language
8. English words in Russian language
9. Easy things for an English person to say in Russian language
10. Difficult things for an English person to say in Russian language
11. Why should people learn Russian language?
The results are:
- 70% - don't know an origin of term "Russian"
- 60% - don’t know that Russian is the international language
- 42% - can't remember about Russian “parent language”
- 80% - believe that it is necessary to learn Russian to become well – educated person
We decided to do this project after analysing the results of questionnaire.
The name of our language is Russian. It is the official language of Russia. Over 150 million people speak it as a first language. People understand it in: Ukraine, Byelorussia, Kazakhstan and in a lot of other former Soviet republics and in the USA, Germany and Israel. About 120 million people speak it as a second language. Russian is the official languages of The United Nations.
In about the 6th century AD Slav tribes migrated west to the river Elbe and to the south in to the Balkans. By the 10th century there were three Slavonic language groups Western, Southern and Eastern. Russian together with Ukraine and Byelorussian comes from the Eastern Slavonic language group.
Languages that contributed to our language are Turkish, Germany, French, Dutch, Greek and English. Russian borrowed some Turkish words: тулуп, сарафан, башмак, каблук, чулок, войлок, амбар, сарай, балаган, чулан, очаг, лачуга, шалаш, таз, утюг, тюфяк, колчан, капкан, лошадь, табун, деньги, аршин, товар, караул, богатырь, карандаш, туман, сундук, карман, чугун. Greek words in my language are алтарь, архангел, патриарх, идол, сатана, канон, Евангелие. Russian borrowed some German words: they are галстук, китель, футляр, штопор, крендель, пудель, картофель, кухня, лазарет, бинт, шрам, солдат, офицер, лагерь, плац, фланг, штурм. Dutch words in my language are рейд, вымпел, рупор, яхта, шлюпка, шлюз, фрегат, крейсер, штурман, матрос, юнга, верфь, каюта, люк. Russian borrowed some French words, they are костюм, жилет, пальто, мебель, кабинет, салон, буфет, суп, бульон, компот, котлета, сюжет, жанр, эскиз, актер. English words in my language are рельс, тоннель, экспресс, трамвай, трактор, клуб, комбайн, теннис, спорт, рекорд, старт, финиш, лидер, бифштекс, пудинг, пикник, веранда, сквер.
Why should people learn Russian? When we asked foreign students about our language they gave us some interesting answers. For example, Kevin (Italy) tells us that Russian is the most difficult language to study. It is difficult to him to understand our grammar. He can’t remember the meaning of words because they have the different endings. Russian words change so much.
Some foreign students tell us that they study Russian to communicate with people of Russia while travelling. Russian gives them a chance to meet new people, to understand Russian songs and films.
As for Russian students they study it to enter the university (college), to get a better job and to be a well – educated person.
So, Russian is different from the other languages. Let’s have a look on it.
The difficulties in pronunciation:
- Difficult letters for pronunciation are hissing letters, letters и-ы, ь, ъ. For example foreigners say words “коска, саска” instead of “кошка, чашка”
- It’s difficult to understand soft consonants. For example they say a word “осэн” instead of “осень”.
- It is difficult to understand alternation of consonants.
- A huge number of hissing and whistling sounds.
The difficulties in grammar:
- Genders are difficult. For example in Russian we have tree (it), birch (she), poplar (he).
- Russian words change so much. For example, it is possible to hear in foreigner’s speech: “Мой жена пришёл из работа”.
- Plurals are different. Compare: tables, books, trees. – столы, книги, деревья
The difficulties in punctuation:
- There are a lot of punctuation marks: commas, semicolon, dash, colon, dots.
- There are some difficulties in direct speech. (If the author’s words are at the beginning you have to put the colon. If the author’s words are at the end you have to put the dash.
The difficulties in writing:
- Difference in writing and pronunciation. For example: вода – [вада], праздник – [празник], дуб- [дуп], жил – [жыл].
- The particle “не” isn’t always written with words separately.
The difficulties in understanding:
Difficulties in understanding are idioms, proverbs, sayings, riddles.
We got a lot of questions from our friends. They want to know how to learn Russian. We advised them:
- to work hard and thoughtfully
- to do exercises carefully
- to listen attentively
- to use a dictionary
- to use a cassette recorder
- to read aloud
- to revise often
- to check for mistakes
- to take notes
- to concentrate
- to ask to explain/repeat
- to do difficult (easy) things first/later
- to practice a lot
- not to be lazy
- not to make mistakes
- not to miss classes
People should learn the Russian language because it is very easy language to speak. We are very friendly. You shouldn't forget that Russian scientists, writers and artists have always been world-famous. Russia has always been one of the richest countries in the world. And today it is an open, friendly country. A lot of western companies are interested in Russia and businessmen will be able to speak with their partners in the original language.
Russian is easy in reading and spelling. We agree that Russian grammar is difficult. But if you want to know it you will learn Russian and you will be able to speak on our language.
The Russian language is not much harder than any other foreign language. The alphabet is different, but it is easy enough. After you learn the alphabet (which takes about a week), you will see that Russian spelling is not a problem at all. Believe me, reading and writing in Russian is easier than in English.
It is really very difficult to mention all the names that brought glory to Russia. M. Lomonosov, K. Tsiolkovsky, S. Korolyov, Y. Gagarin, glorified our country; they contributed much to the development of the world science. M. Glinka, D. Shostakovich are great composers. Levitan, Repin, Aivasovsky are favourite Russian painters.
We think you should learn Russian just to be able to read Pushkin in the original language.
Don't you agree? Follow the advice to learn Russian.
- You should learn the alphabet and start reading the ABC - book, then our favourite fairy tales and short poems.
- You should start a vocabulary notebook and write down all the new words.
- You should watch Russian films and listen to Russian songs. Try to learn poems and songs by heart.
- You should learn grammar rules and use them in writing
- If it is possible try to speak to native speakers of Russian. You may be sure everybody will help and understand you.
- Remember! If your motivation is good, you'll soon make a progress.
Welcome to Russia!
Литература.
1. К.И.Кауфман, М.Ю.Кауфман. Happy English.ru, учебник для 8 класса.
2. Иллюстрированный энциклопедический словарь. (Малый). Москва: Научное издательство “Большая Российская энциклопедия”, 2000 – 1038с.
3. Колесов В. В. История русского языка в рассказах. Москва: Просвещение, 1982 – 191с.